Targeted delivery of extracellular vesicles in heart injury.
Targeted delivery of extracellular vesicles in heart injury.
复制标题
心脏损伤中细胞外囊泡的靶向递送
作者：
Chen P;Wang L;Fan X;Ning X;Yu B;Ou C;Chen M
细胞外囊泡是由细胞内吞作用产生的纳米级细胞外囊泡，对细胞间通讯至关重要。电动汽车具有天然的生物相容性和稳定性，使它们能够穿过生物膜并保护它们免受降解。近年来的研究表明，EV介导的心脏不同细胞类型之间的串扰在维持心脏稳态和心脏疾病的发病机制中起着重要作用。特别是，由不同类型的干细胞分泌的EV表现出心脏保护作用。然而，许多研究表明，静脉注射的EV被单核吞噬细胞系统（MPS）的巨噬细胞快速清除，并优先在MPS器官（如肝、脾和肺）中蓄积。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了外泌体生物发生，EV在心脏疾病中的作用，以及将EV输送到心脏的挑战。此外，我们广泛讨论了EV的靶向递送用于治疗缺血性心脏病。这些理解将有助于制定有效的心脏病治疗策略。
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoscale extracellular vesicles derived from endocytosis that are crucial to intercellular communication. EVs possess natural biocompatibility and stability that allow them to cross biological membranes and that protect them from degradation. Recent studies have shown that EVs-mediated crosstalk between different cell types in the heart could play important roles in the maintenance of cardiac homeostasis and the pathogenesis of heart diseases. In particular, EVs secreted by different types of stem cells exhibit cardioprotective effects. However, numerous studies have shown that intravenously injected EVs are quickly cleared by macrophages of the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) and preferentially accumulate in MPS organs such as the liver, spleen, and lung. In this review, we discuss exosome biogenesis, the role of EVs in heart diseases, and challenges in delivering EVs to the heart. Furthermore, we extensively discuss the targeted delivery of EVs for treating ischemic heart disease. These understandings will aid in the development of effective treatment strategies for heart diseases.