Animal models of auditory temporal
Animal models of auditory temporal
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2014.03.011
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发表时间：
2015-02-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Eggermont, Jos J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eggermont, Jos J.
人类的时间处理依赖于自下而上和自上而下的机制。绝大多数动物模型只是探索自下而上的机制。我将回顾大量的听觉时间处理的相关文献，以阐明大多数时间处理研究结果的基本机制。听觉时间加工的一些基本发现都可以建立在确定放电率的预刺激适应机制的基础上。这是基于外周和中枢突触中的递质释放机制。令人惊讶的是，适应和恢复时间常数，定义perstimulatory放电率适应听觉外周和听觉皮层之间的探测类似的刺激时，没有很大的不同。它示出，前掩蔽，间隙和VOT检测，和时间调制传递函数都直接相关的刺激适应，而刺激特异性适应至少部分依赖于it.The事实，即大多数的研究都是在麻醉动物进行的物种差异和需要考虑时，外推动物的研究结果，以人类的知觉研究。此外，第一尖峰潜伏期的准确性在声音定位和周期性音高的脑干机制中起着重要作用，并形成了理解人类诱发电位研究的基础。这些机制对于确定感知绑定的神经同步性和流分离的一些重要方面也至关重要。(C)2014爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Human temporal processing relies on bottom-up as well as top-down mechanisms. Animal models thereof, in the vast majority, are only probing the bottom-up mechanisms. I will review the vast literature underlying auditory temporal processing to elucidate some basic mechanisms that underlie the majority of temporal processing findings. Some basic findings in auditory temporal processing can all be based on mechanisms determining perstimulatory adaptation of firing rate. This is based on transmitter release mechanisms in peripheral as well as central synapses. It is surprising that the adaptation and recovery time constants that define perstimulatory firing rate adaptation are not very different between auditory periphery and auditory cortex when probed with similar stimuli. It is shown that forward masking, gap and VOT detection, and temporal modulation transfer functions are all directly related to perstimulatory adaptation, whereas stimulus-specific adaptation is at least partly dependent on it. Species differences and the fact that most of the studies reviewed were done in anesthetized animals need to be taken into account when extrapolating animal findings to human perceptual studies. In addition, the accuracy of first-spike latency plays a major role in sound localization and in the brainstem mechanisms for periodicity pitch and forms the basis for understanding evoked potential studies in humans. These mechanisms are also crucial for determining neural synchrony underlying perceptual binding and some important aspects of stream segregation. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.