Intravascular imaging with a storage phosphor detector.
Intravascular imaging with a storage phosphor detector.
复制标题
使用存储荧光探测器进行血管内成像。
DOI：
10.1088/0031-9155/55/10/004
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Xu,Tong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shikhaliev,PoladM;Petrek,Peter;Matthews2nd,KennethL;Fritz,ShannonG;Bujenovic,LSteven;Xu,Tong
本研究的目的是开发和测试一种基于存储荧光粉探测器的血管内正电子成像系统，用于成像和检测人类冠状动脉的易损斑块。放射性示踪剂F18-FDG积聚在易受攻击的斑块中，并伴有上复盖的炎症。因此，通过记录从F18-FDG发射的正电子，并将探测器插入动脉，可以对脆弱的斑块进行成像。构建了一种基于储能荧光粉的血管内探测器样机。探测器采用长55 mm、直径2 mm、壁厚0.28 mm的柔性存储荧光管。使用X射线透视将血管内探测器引导到血管内，并且必须在正电子成像之前擦除累积的X射线信号。为此，将直径0.9 mm、长度55 mm的光漫射器插入到探测器管中。光漫射器通过一根2米长的光纤与激光光源相连。漫射器将0.38W的激光重定向到荧光粉探测器的内表面以擦除它。建立了一个体积为300cm3的心脏模型和3根直径3.2 mm的冠状动脉模型，模型上有多个斑块。在心脏和冠状动脉内注入−3活性浓度为0.5µCi cm的FDG溶液。将探测器插入冠状动脉，记录斑块和周围背景活动的信号2分钟。然后提取荧光粉探测器，并使用存储荧光粉读取器读出。光漫射器将透视曝光产生的信号擦除到低于正电子成像时遇到的水平。面积活度大于1.2nCi mm−-2的易损斑块被该探测器显示。这种活性比人类易损斑块的预期活性低10-20倍。该探测器能够对长50 mm、周长360 mm的冠状动脉内表面进行成像。空间分辨率为0.6-1.2 mm半高宽，读出像素分辨率为80微米。该探测器灵活、可重复使用且易于操作；它提供几乎实时的成像。一种基于储存荧光粉的血管内成像探测器已经显示出对人类冠状动脉斑块进行成像的潜力。该探测器提供临床应用所需的灵敏度、空间分辨率、灵活性和较短的成像时间。未来的研究将把探测器的直径从2毫米减小到1毫米，并将这种设计应用于活体动物实验。
The aim of this study is to develop and test an intravascular positron imaging system based on a storage phosphor detector for imaging and detecting vulnerable plaques of human coronary arteries. The radiotracer F18-FDG accumulates in vulnerable plaques with inflammation of the overlying cap. The vulnerable plaques can, therefore, be imaged by recording positrons emitted from F18-FDG with a detector inserted into the artery. A prototype intravascular detector was constructed based on storage phosphor. The detector uses a flexible storage phosphor tube with 55 mm length, 2 mm diameter and 0.28 mm wall thickness. The intravascular detector is guided into the vessel using x-ray fluoroscopy and the accumulated x-ray signal must be erased prior to positron imaging. For this purpose, a light diffuser, 0.9 mm in diameter and 55 mm in length, was inserted into the detector tube. The light diffuser was connected to a laser source through a 2 m long optical fiber. The diffuser redirected the 0.38 W laser light to the inner surface of the phosphor detector to erase it. A heart phantom with 300 cm 3 volume and three coronary arteries with 3.2 mm diameter and with several plaques was constructed. FDG solution with 0.5 µCi cm− 3 activity concentration was filled in the heart and coronary arteries. The detector was inserted in a coronary artery and the signal from the plaques and surrounding background activity was recorded for 2 min. Then the phosphor detector was extracted and read out using a storage phosphor reader. The light diffuser erased the signal resulting from fluoroscopic exposure to level below that encountered during positron imaging. Vulnerable plaques with area activities higher than 1.2 nCi mm− 2 were visualized by the detector. This activity is a factor of 10–20 lower than that expected in human vulnerable plaques. The detector was able to image the internal surface of the coronary vessels with 50 mm length and 360 circumference. Spatial resolution was 0.6–1.2 mm FWHM with a readout pixel resolution of 80 µm. The detector is flexible, reusable and easy to handle; it provides virtually real-time imaging. An intravascular imaging detector based on storage phosphor has shown a potential for imaging human coronary artery plaques. The detector provides the sensitivity, spatial resolution, flexibility and short imaging times necessary for clinical applications. Future research will decrease the detector diameter from 2 mm to 1 mm, and will apply the design to in vivo animal experiments.