On Approximate Opacity of Cyber-Physical Systems

On Approximate Opacity of Cyber-Physical Systems
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关于网络物理系统的近似不透明性

DOI:
10.1109/tac.2020.2998733
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发表时间:
2019-02
影响因子:
6.8
通讯作者:
Siyuan Liu
Siyuan Liu
中科院分区:
计算机科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Xiang Yin;Majid Zamani;Siyuan Liu

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不透明性是网络物理系统分析中一个重要的信息流安全属性。它捕获了在可能访问信息流的入侵者存在的情况下系统的秘密行为的似是而非的可否认性。现有的作品不透明度只考虑非度量系统的假设,入侵者总是可以区分两个不同的输出精确。在本文中,我们将不透明度的概念扩展到输出集配备了度量的系统。这样的系统被广泛用于许多真实世界系统的建模,其测量是物理信号。提出了近似不透明度的概念,以定量地评估入侵者测量精度对系统安全保障水平的影响。然后,我们提出了一个新的模拟类型的关系,称为近似不透明度保持模拟关系,它的特点是如何接近两个系统的近似不透明度的满意度。这使我们能够验证大规模的近似不透明度,甚至是无限的,系统使用他们的抽象。我们还讨论了如何为一类离散时间控制系统构造近似的保持不透明度的符号模型。我们的结果扩展了不透明度的定义和分析技术,从非公制系统到公制系统。
Opacity is an important information-flow security property in the analysis of cyber-physical systems. It captures the plausible deniability of the system's secret behavior in the presence of an intruder that may access the information flow. Existing works on opacity only consider nonmetric systems by assuming that the intruder can always distinguish between two different outputs precisely. In this article, we extend the concept of opacity to systems whose output sets are equipped with metrics. Such systems are widely used in the modeling of many real-world systems whose measurements are physical signals. A new concept called approximate opacity is proposed in order to quantitatively evaluate the security guarantee level with respect to the measurement precision of the intruder. Then, we propose a new simulation-type relation, called approximate opacity-preserving simulation relation, which characterizes how close two systems are in terms of the satisfaction of approximate opacity. This allows us to verify approximate opacity for large-scale, or even infinite, systems using their abstractions. We also discuss how to construct approximate opacity-preserving symbolic models for a class of discrete-time control systems. Our results extend the definitions and analysis techniques for opacity from nonmetric systems to metric systems.
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