Intelligence in girls and their subsequent smoking behaviour as mothers: the 1958 National Child Development Study and the 1970 British Cohort Study
Intelligence in girls and their subsequent smoking behaviour as mothers: the 1958 National Child Development Study and the 1970 British Cohort Study
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DOI：
10.1093/ije/dyn201
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发表时间：
2009-02-01
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Batty, G. David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gale, Catharine R.;Johnson, Wendy;Batty, G. David
背景 在子宫内或产后接触烟草烟雾会对儿童健康产生重大不利影响，但许多妇女在怀孕期间和产后继续吸烟。女性童年时期的智力如何影响她们作为母亲的吸烟行为尚不清楚。 方法 参与者来自两个英国国家出生队列：1958 年国家儿童发展研究中的 3325 名 33 岁女性和 1970 年英国队列研究中的 1971 名 34 岁女性。我们使用结构方程模型来研究 10-11 岁智力、父母和当前社会阶层、受教育程度和第一胎年龄对怀孕期间吸烟和当前吸烟状况的直接和间接影响。结果 1958 年队列中有 40% 的女性在怀孕期间吸烟，而 1970 年队列中这一比例为 28%。在这两个队列中，童年时期智商较低的女性在成年后更有可能在怀孕期间吸烟以及目前成为吸烟者。结构方程模型表明，儿童智商对吸烟行为的影响是间接的，因为它们在统计上是由受教育程度和第一胎年龄调节的。除了智力的影响之外，受教育程度和第一胎年龄对吸烟行为也有一定的影响。结论 童年智力主要通过其对受教育程度和第一胎年龄的影响来影响母亲后的吸烟行为。
Background Exposure to tobacco smoke either in utero or postnatally can have substantial adverse effects on child health, yet many women continue to smoke during pregnancy and after the birth. How women's intelligence in childhood affects their smoking behaviour as mothers is unclear.Methods The participants were from two British national birth cohorts: 3325 women aged 33 years from the 1958 National Child Development Study and 1971 women aged 34 years from the 1970 British Cohort Study. We used structural equation modelling to examine the direct and indirect effects of intelligence measured at age 10-11 years, parental and current social class, educational attainment and age at first birth on smoking during pregnancy and current smoking status.Results Forty per cent of women in the 1958 cohort smoked during pregnancy, compared with 28% of those from the 1970 cohort. In both cohorts, women with lower IQ in childhood were more likely as adults to smoke during pregnancy and to be a smoker currently. Structural equation modelling showed that the effects of childhood IQ on smoking behaviour were indirect, as they were statistically mediated by educational attainment and age at first birth. There was some effect of educational attainment and age at first birth on smoking behaviour over and above the effect of intelligence.Conclusion Childhood intelligence influenced women's smoking behaviour as mothers primarily through its contributions to educational attainment and age at first birth.