Landscape evolution in the Liangzhu area since the early Holocene: A comprehensive sedimentological approach
Landscape evolution in the Liangzhu area since the early Holocene: A comprehensive sedimentological approach
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良渚地区全新世早期以来的景观演化：综合沉积学方法
DOI：
10.1016/j.palaeo.2020.110141
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发表时间：
2021-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ye Zhao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guangjiu Ling;Chunmei Ma;杨青;Zhunjun Hu;Hongbo Zheng;Bin Liu;Ningyuan Wang;Minghui Chen;Ye Zhao
良渚文化（距今5300-4300年）被认为是中华五千年文明史的见证，因而引起了考古界的高度关注。然而，良渚文化的兴衰，特别是其消失的原因，至今仍是人们争论不休的话题。由于良渚古城地区地势低洼，滨海地区水网密布，其景观演化会对人地互动产生重大影响。在本研究中，我们将利用沉积学方法重建景观的演化历史。对五个沉积岩芯以及考古遗址中暴露的沟渠进行了调查。沉积物的年代学是通过使用 12 个加速器质谱 (AMS)14C 数据建立的。沉积物指标，包括钙含量、粒度、硅藻和甲藻，用于古环境重建。研究结果表明：（1）末次冰消期至全新世早期（距今9400calyr之前），良渚地区大面积出露，岩心发育粗砂、砾石、硬质粘土层； (2)在全新世早至中期(约9400-7600cal yr BP)，该地区因向西的海侵而迅速被淹没，随后的海退在大约7900-7600 cal yr BP时从良渚地区向东移动，此时泥沙供给速率超过了相对海平面(RSL)上升速率； (3)在全新世中晚期(约7600cal yr BP之后)，沉积物主要来源于漫滩洪水或风暴潮事件，而不是约7600 – 6600 cal yr BP的RSL直接上升。直到距今约5100年，良渚古城地区一直是沼泽和盐碱化地区。
The Liangzhu culture (5300– 4300 cal yr BP) is considered to be the testification of the five thousand year history of Chinese civilization, and has thus attracted a great deal of attention from the archaeological community. However, the rise and fall of the Liangzhu culture, especially the cause of its vanishing, is still a topic of intense debate. Since the Liangzhu Ancient City area is a low-lying littoral region with a dense network of waterways, the landscape evolution would have had great impact on human-environment interactions. In this study, we will reconstruct the evolutionary history of the landscape by using sedimentological approach. Five sediment cores, together with trenches exposed in the archaeological sites were investigated. The chronology of the sediments was established by using twelve accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS)14C dates. Sedimentary proxies, including calcium content, grain size, diatoms, and dinoflagellates are used for paleoenvironmental reconstruction. The results showed that: (1) from the last deglaciation to the early Holocene (beforeca.9400 cal yr BP), the Liangzhu area was widely exposed, and the cores contain coarse sand, gravel, and hard clay layers; (2) during the early to middle Holocene (ca.9400 – 7600 cal yr BP), the area was rapidly submerged by a westward marine transgression, and the subsequent marine regression moved eastward from the Liangzhu area at approximately 7900 – 7600 cal yr BP when the rate of sediment supply exceeded the rate of relative sea level (RSL) rise; (3) during the middle to late Holocene (afterca.7600 cal yr BP), the deposits mainly originated from overbank flooding or from storm surge events rather than from direct RSL rise fromca.7600 – 6600 cal yr BP. The Liangzhu Ancient City area remained a swamp and an area of salinization untilca.5100 cal yr BP.
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