Prevalence of breastfeeding and acculturation in hispanics: Results from NHANES 1999-2000 study
Prevalence of breastfeeding and acculturation in hispanics: Results from NHANES 1999-2000 study
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DOI：
10.1111/j.0730-7659.2005.00351.x
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发表时间：
2005-06-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Geesey, ME
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gibson, MV;Diaz, VA;Geesey, ME
背景资料：考虑到美国西班牙裔人口的快速增长和母乳喂养推广计划的普及，有必要进行一项更近期的估计，以评估母乳喂养中的种族和文化差异。本研究的目的是描述目前全国母乳喂养流行率的估计值，并评估不同文化背景下不母乳喂养的原因。研究方法：对1999-2000年国家健康和营养检查调查（NHANES）的二级数据进行分析，样本为在美国出生的非西班牙裔白色妇女和至少有一次活产的西班牙裔妇女。拉美裔的文化适应状况进行了评估，使用一个有效的语言量表，母乳喂养的患病率是基于母亲的自我报告。结果如下：文化适应程度较低的西班牙裔女性（59.2%）的母乳喂养率高于文化适应程度较高的西班牙裔女性（33.1%）和白色女性（45.1%）。文化适应程度较低的西班牙裔女性更有可能将孩子的身体/医疗状况作为不母乳喂养的原因（53.1%），而白人和文化适应程度较高的西班牙裔女性更有可能将孩子的偏好作为奶瓶（分别为57.5%和49.8%）。Logistic回归分析显示，在控制了教育、年龄和收入后，非西班牙裔白人和西班牙裔之间母乳喂养的可能性没有显著差异。即使在考虑了教育、年龄和收入之后，文化适应度较高的妇女也比文化适应度较低的妇女更不可能母乳喂养孩子（95%CI：0.14-0.40）。结论：在母乳喂养的流行率和不母乳喂养的原因方面的文化差异可能是由于文化适应而发生的态度变化的结果。对文化适应过程及其对母乳喂养的影响的进一步研究可能有助于防止随着母亲变得更加文化适应而发生的母乳喂养下降。与此同时，针对妇女对儿童健康状况和母乳喂养好处的看法进行耐心教育将有所帮助。
Background: A more current estimate to evaluate ethnic and acculturation differences in breastfeeding is warranted, given the rapid growth of the Hispanic population in the United States and the proliferation of breastfeeding promotion programs. The study objective was to describe current national estimates of the prevalence of breastfeeding and evaluate differences in reasons not to breastfeed by acculturation status. Methods: Secondary data analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2000 was performed on a nationally representative sample of non-Hispanic white women born in the U.S. and Hispanic women with at least one live birth. Acculturation status among Hispanics was assessed using a validated language scale, and prevalence of breastfeeding was based on maternal self-report. Results: Prevalence of breastfeeding was higher in less acculturated Hispanic women (59.2%) than high acculturated Hispanic women (33.1%) and white women (45.1%). Less acculturated Hispanic women were more likely to cite their child's physical/medical condition as a reason not to breastfeed (53.1%), whereas whites and more acculturated Hispanics were more likely to cite their child preferred the bottle (57.5% and 49.8%, respectively). A logistic regression analysis revealed no significant differences in likelihood to breastfeed between non-Hispanic whites and Hispanics after controlling for education, age, and income. Higher acculturated women were less likely to breastfeed their children than low acculturated women (95% CI: 0.14-0.40) even after education, age, and income were taken into account. Conclusions: Acculturation differences in prevalence of breastfeeding and reasons not to breastfeed may be the result of attitudinal changes that occur due to acculturation. Further research into the acculturation process and its impact on breastfeeding may help to prevent the decline in breastfeeding that occurs as mothers become more acculturated. Meanwhile, patient education that addresses women's perceptions of the child's health condition and benefits of breastfeeding would be helpful.