Effort discounts reward-based control allocation: A neurodynamic perspective
Effort discounts reward-based control allocation: A neurodynamic perspective
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DOI：
10.1111/psyp.14451
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发表时间：
2023-10-03
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Wu，Menglin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zheng，Ya;Zhang，Mang;Wu，Menglin
分配给任务的认知和神经资源量很大程度上取决于我们可以期望的奖励。然而，人们仍然低估了这种基于奖励期望的控制分配是如何通过努力支出来调节的。目前的事件相关电位研究通过神经动力学的视角研究了这个问题。三十四名参与者完成了基于努力的金钱激励延迟任务，同时记录了他们的脑电图。通过向目标不添加（低努力）或大量（高努力）噪音来操纵努力需求。在行为上，无论付出多少努力，参与者都表现出与奖励相关的超速，这一点通过比中性试验更快的奖励 RT 可以看出。我们的 ERP 结果表明，奖励期望对神经动力学具有广泛的促进影响，从以提示 P3 为索引的提示评估，到以偶然负变化 (CNV) 为索引的控制准备，最后到以目标 P3 为索引的控制参与度。重要的是，神经促进在控制准备和控制参与阶段（而不是提示评估阶段）被努力消耗所抵消。总的来说，这项研究提供了神经动力学证据，表明控制分配是通过成本效益分析由奖励和努力决定的。
The amount of cognitive and neural resources allocated to a task is largely determined by the reward we can expect. However, it remains under‐appreciated how this reward‐expectation‐based control allocation is modulated by effort expenditure. The present event‐related potential study investigated this issue through the lens of neural dynamics. Thirty‐four participants completed an effort‐based monetary incentive delay task while their EEG was recorded. Effort demand was manipulated by adding no (low effort) or much (high effort) noise to the target. Behaviorally, participants exhibited reward‐related speeding regardless of effort expenditure, as revealed by faster RTs for reward than neutral trials. Our ERP results demonstrated a widespread facilitatory influence of reward expectation on neural dynamics extending from cue evaluation as indexed by the cue‐P3, to control preparation as indexed by the contingent negative variation (CNV), and finally to control engagement as indexed by the target‐P3. Critically, the neural facilitation was discounted by effort expenditure during both the control‐preparation and control‐engagement stages instead of the cue‐evaluation stage. Overall, this study provides neurodynamic evidence that control allocation is determined by reward and effort via a cost–benefit analysis.