Evidence-based practice or imperfect seduction? Developing capacity to respond effectively to drug-related problems
Evidence-based practice or imperfect seduction? Developing capacity to respond effectively to drug-related problems
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1465-3362.2009.00110.x
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发表时间：
2009-09-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Stevens, Clare F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Allsop, Steve J.;Stevens, Clare F.
问题.在过去的二三十年里，在劳动力发展方面进行了一些宝贵的投资。然而，在发展跨各系统的有效做法方面仍然存在重大挑战。尽管酒精、烟草和其他药物的使用对不同组织的一系列工作人员具有相关性，但采用跨部门和协作的有效做法并不普遍。最常见的反应涉及一个相当单一的重点战略，发展从业者的知识和技能，考虑到工作环境的复杂性和信仰系统的人谁在这些环境中工作的少得多。Approach.本文探讨了有效实践的障碍和促进因素，超出了对教育和培训举措的共同关注。探讨能力建设的模式作为模板，告知劳动力和组织发展战略。主要发现。必须考虑到教育和培训之外的许多障碍，以便在各种预防和治疗系统中发展和保持有效的做法。本文件最后就如何克服这些挑战提出了建议。影响。劳动力和组织发展必须超越教育和培训举措。沿着对组织和系统因素的关注，我们还必须关注受药物使用影响的人的边缘化和相关的轻蔑态度。结论在毒品领域发展有效的做法涉及改变人们工作的结构和这些结构的预期成果，而不仅仅是鼓励少数人不顾制度而使用新的工作方式。[Allsop SJ，Stevens CF.基于证据的实践还是不完美的诱惑？发展有效应对毒品相关问题的能力。Drug Alcohol Rev 2009;28：541-549]。
Issues. The last two or three decades have seen some valuable investment in workforce development. However, significant challenges remain in developing effective practice across various systems. Despite the relevance alcohol, tobacco and other drug use have for a range of staff across diverse organisations, adoption of cross-sector and collaborative effective practice is not widespread. The most common response involves a rather singular focus on strategies that develop practitioner knowledge and skills, with much less consideration given to the complex nature of the work environment and the belief systems of people who work in these environments. Approach. This paper explores the barriers to and facilitators of effective practice, extending beyond the common focus on education and training initiatives. A model of capacity building is explored as a template to inform workforce and organisational development strategies. Key Findings. Numerous barriers, outside education and training, must be considered in order to develop and maintain effective practice across various systems of prevention and treatment. The paper culminates with recommendations on how to overcome such challenges. Implications. Workforce and organisational development must extend beyond education and training initiatives. Along with a focus on organisational and system factors, we must also attend to the marginalisation of people affected by drug use and associated pejorative attitudes. Conclusion. Developing effective practice in the drug field involves changing the structures, and expected outcomes of these structures, in which people work, not just encouraging a few to use new ways of working in spite of the system. [Allsop SJ, Stevens CF. Evidence-based practice or imperfect seduction? Developing capacity to respond effectively to drug-related problems. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009;28:541-549].