Influence of earthworm culture on fertilization potential and biological activities of vermicomposts prepared from different plant wastes
Influence of earthworm culture on fertilization potential and biological activities of vermicomposts prepared from different plant wastes
复制标题
蚯蚓培养对不同植物废弃物蚯蚓堆肥受精潜力和生物活性的影响
DOI：
10.1002/jpln.201000174
复制
发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. K. Tewari
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Srivastava;Poonam C. Singh;M. Gupta;A. Sinha;Aradhana Vaish;A. Shukla;Nandita Singh;S. K. Tewari
研究了不同植物废弃物堆肥发酵对堆肥营养状况、微生物数量和酶活性的影响。以园艺和森林植物的不同类型落叶为原料，采用改良的蚯蚓堆肥工艺，在一个农场单元内制备蚯蚓堆肥。初始高温分解的废物负荷牛粪浆进行了单独的床。在农场单位的特别设计的蚯蚓床中，使用蚯蚓培养物进行蚯蚓堆肥。蚯蚓粪的理化特性、酶活性（氧化还原酶和水解酶）和微生物种群（细菌、真菌、自生固氮菌、放线菌、芽孢杆菌、假单胞菌、解磷菌和真菌）均显著高于对照（不接种蚯蚓）（p < 0.05）。本研究量化了蚯蚓培养对蚯蚓粪理化、酶和微生物学特性的显著贡献，并证实了蚯蚓粪在有机农业中的上级施肥潜力。通过盆栽试验，研究了蚯蚓粪在黄芥上的应用效果。用不同比例（5%、10%、20%）的蚯蚓粪和普通堆肥（不接种蚯蚓）对盆栽土壤进行改良。这些改良剂对甘蓝生长的影响。研究了蚯蚓粪、有机肥改良土与对照相比，植物生长量差异显著（p < 0.05）。蚯蚓粪显著增加了植株的根长、地上部长度、分枝数、叶片数、单株鲜重、干重、荚数、花数和叶片生化指标，以20%的蚯蚓粪处理效果最好。这些结果证明蚯蚓粪比未接种蚯蚓的堆肥具有更好的施肥潜力。
The present investigation was aimed to analyze influence of earthworm culture on nutritive status, microbial population, and enzymatic activities of composts prepared by utilizing different plant wastes. Vermicomposts were prepared from different types of leaves litter of horticulture and forest plant species by modified vermicomposting process at a farm unit. Initial thermophilic decomposition of waste load using cow-dung slurry was done in the separate beds. The culture of Eisenia fetida was used for vermicomposting in specially designed vermibeds at the farm unit. The physico-chemical characteristics, enzyme activities (oxido-reductases and hydrolases), and microbial population (bacteria, fungi, free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria, actinomycetes, Bacillus, Pseudomonas, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and fungi) of vermicomposts were found significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those of control (without earthworm inoculum). The study quantified significant contributions of earthworm culture to physico-chemical, enzymatic, and microbiological properties of vermicompost and confirmed superior fertilization potential of vermicompost for organic farming. The agronomic utility of vermicompost was assessed on yellow mustard plant in a pot experiment. Pot soil was amended with different ratios (5%, 10%, 20%) of vermicompost and normal compost (without earthworm inoculum). Effects of these amendments on the growth of Brassica comprestis L. were studied. The significant differences (p < 0.05) in the growth of plant were observed among vermicompost-, compost-amended soil, and control. Vermicompost increased the root and shoot lengths, numbers of branches and leaves per plant, fresh and dry weights per plant, numbers of pods and flowers, and biochemical properties of plant leaf significantly, especially in 20% amendment. These results proved better fertilization potential of vermicompost over non-earthworm-inoculated compost.