Widening the Lens: An Ecological Review of Campus Sexual Assault
Widening the Lens: An Ecological Review of Campus Sexual Assault
复制标题
扩大视角：校园性侵犯的生态回顾
DOI：
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
McKenzie Javorka
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Carrie A. Moylan;McKenzie Javorka
不同的流行率在高校的性暴力表明，需要了解这种变化的基础上的制度因素，然而，研究往往只集中在个人的风险和保护因素，这两个理论化和解释下的校园性侵犯的现象。在这次审查中，我们建议，扩大到包括校园和上下文层面的因素是必要的，以充分解释校园性侵犯。使用生态学的方法，我们确定和综合研究有关校园层面的性暴力的变化，包括校园服务和资源的可用性为幸存者，机构的风险因素，如酒精和党的文化，体育，和兄弟会，以及政策的影响，在州和联邦层面。建议进行更多的研究，在校园一级和重构校园性侵犯的影响，从机构的透镜进行了讨论，包括这种做法的重要性，评估和政策。
Varying prevalence rates of sexual violence across colleges and universities indicate the need to understand institutional factors underlying such variation; however, research often focuses exclusively on individual risk and protective factors, which both under theorizes and under explains the phenomenon of campus sexual assault. In this review, we propose that broadening to include campus- and contextual-level factors is necessary to fully explain campus sexual assault. Using an ecological approach, we identify and synthesize research related to campus-level variation in sexual violence, including availability of campus services and resources for survivors, institutional risk factors such as alcohol and party culture, athletics, and fraternities, and the impact of policies at the state and federal levels. Suggestions are made for conducting additional research at the campus level and implications of reframing campus sexual assault from an institutional lens are discussed, including the importance of this approach for practice, evaluation, and policy.