Should nurses be role models for healthy lifestyles? Results from a modified Delphi study
Should nurses be role models for healthy lifestyles? Results from a modified Delphi study
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DOI：
10.1111/jan.13173
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发表时间：
2017-03-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Speller, Viv
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kelly, Muireann;Wills, Jane;Speller, Viv
的目标。探讨护士应成为健康行为榜样的期望。背景。人们期望护士成为健康行为的榜样。这是否是一个现实的和可接受的期望还没有被探索。采用两轮数据收集的修正政策德尔菲研究方法。有目的抽样用于探索六个影响护理角色的利益相关者群体之间的一致和不一致领域：执业护士、护理学生、服务使用者、政策制定者、劳动力发展领导和从事护理教育的利益相关者。2015年2月至6月期间进行了两轮修改后的政策德尔菲研究。第一轮采用电话采访的方式公开征求意见。第二轮使用态度陈述来探索利益相关者群体意见的趋同和分歧。对回答进行主题分析。声称护士应该成为健康榜样的政策和专业话语被认为是不切实际和无益的。一些利益攸关方认为，护士应该体现和展示健康的行为，以鼓励病人，并提供可信的建议。与这种观点相反，利益攸关方一致认为，更重要的是要被视为“人”，并了解改变健康行为的挑战。学生护士和执业护士没有将角色塑造健康行为视为合理的职业期望。研究结果挑战了护士是健康榜样的假设。需要进一步研究以了解一线护士的观点，并进一步探索改善保健服务人员健康的途径。
Aim. To explore the expectation that nurses should be role models for healthy behaviours.Background. Nurses are expected to be role models for healthy behaviours. Whether this is a realistic and acceptable expectation has not been explored.Design. Modified Policy Delphi study with two rounds of data collection.Method. Purposive sampling was used to explore areas of agreement and disagreement among six stakeholder groups who influence nursing roles: practising nurses, nursing students, service users, policy makers, workforce development leads and stakeholders working in nurse education. Two rounds of a modified Policy Delphi study were conducted between February - June 2015. The first round used telephone interviews for an open exploration of opinions. The second round used attitude statements to explore convergence and divergence of opinions across stakeholder groups. Responses were analysed thematically.Results. Policy and professional discourse that asserts that nurses should be healthy role models was seen as unrealistic and unhelpful. Contrary to the view that nurses should epitomize and demonstrate healthy behaviours to encourage patients and to be credible in advice, stakeholders agreed that it was more important to be seen as ` human' and understand the challenges of health behaviour change. Student and practising nurses did not see role modelling healthy behaviours as a reasonable professional expectation.Conclusions. The findings challenge the assumptions underpinning the argument that nurses be healthy role models. Further research is needed to understand the views of frontline nurses and to further explore avenues by which health services staff health can be improved.