A Selachian Freshwater Fauna from the Triassic of Kyrgyzstan and Its Implication for Mesozoic Shark Nurseries
A Selachian Freshwater Fauna from the Triassic of Kyrgyzstan and Its Implication for Mesozoic Shark Nurseries
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吉尔吉斯斯坦三叠纪的鲨鱼淡水动物群及其对中生代鲨鱼苗圃的意义
DOI：
10.1080/02724634.2011.601729
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Buchwitz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fischer;Schneider;Buchwitz
Habitat partitioning and site fidelity of spawning grounds are well-documented phenomena in extant selachians, but little is known about the reproductive strategies of their fossil relatives. Here we describe the selachian fauna of the Middle to Late Triassic Madygen Formation in southwestern Kyrgyzstan, Central Asia, based on several dozen tooth crowns and egg capsules. The material is assigned to three new taxa:Lonchidion ferganensis, sp. nov., andPalaeoxyris alterna, sp. nov., being teeth and egg capsules of hybodontid sharks, andFayolia sharovi, sp. nov., being egg capsules of probable xenacanthids. Teeth ofL. ferganensis, sp. nov., were almost exclusively found in pelecypod-rich shallow lacustrine mudstones and belong to juvenile individuals. Oxygen and strontium isotope data of tooth enameloid indicate freshwater conditions of the ambient water at the time of tooth mineralization. The egg capsules are common findings in near-shore lake deposits as well. Considering the mass co-occurrence of juvenile teeth and egg capsules in the study area, we propose that hybodontid/ xenacanthid sharks recurrently occupied littoral zones of the Madygen lake for spawning. The small number of full-grown individuals points to habitat partitioning of juveniles and adults wherefore the study site is interpreted as a shark nursery. The oviposition strategies inferred from this fossil example are remarkably similar to those of modern sharks, suggesting that the reproductive patterns seen in extant sharks originated well before the Cenozoic.
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