Digging up the dirt on "clean" dietary labels: Public health considerations and opportunities for increased Federal oversight
Digging up the dirt on "clean" dietary labels: Public health considerations and opportunities for increased Federal oversight
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DOI：
10.1002/eat.23585
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发表时间：
2021-07-26
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Austin, S. Bryn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Negowetti, Nicole;Ambwani, Suman;Austin, S. Bryn
背景消费者通常将“清洁”膳食标签视为指经过最低限度加工、不含添加剂、防腐剂、人工色素或成分的产品，但也可能被解释为纯素、无麸质、无乳制品、“真实的”或“天然的”。虽然“清洁”饮食的趋势继续流行，但在美国对这一术语的定义和使用缺乏共识，相应地缺乏对此类标签的监管。方法本多学科范围审查研究了“清洁”标签趋势的公共卫生影响以及监管的法律的和政策环境。我们报告了通过Westlaw数据库生成的案例法和法律的研究结果以及美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）的执法行动和网站文件，以讨论联邦和州一级干预以减轻伤害的选项。结果：一个可行的改变途径是FDA提供行业指导，传播公开声明揭穿神话，并执行标签法规，以警察欺骗性的“干净”标签索赔。我们还建议通过总检察长提起消费者保护诉讼和州级诉讼，作为替代行动，以打击与“清洁”饮食和标签相关的大量错误信息。虽然FDA已经采取了一些执法行动，但考虑到市场上“清洁”标签产品的扩散以及对公众健康的潜在不利影响，包括增加饮食失调的风险，这些努力是不够的。因此，目前“清洁”饮食标签的不受管制、不明确的情况需要联邦当局和州检察长采取紧急行动。
Background "Clean" dietary labels are often viewed by consumers as referencing products that are minimally processed, without additives, preservatives, artificial colors, or ingredients, but may also be interpreted as vegan, gluten-free, dairy-free, "real," or "natural." Although the "clean" diet trend continues to grow in popularity, there is a lack of consensus regarding the definition and use of this terminology with a corresponding lack of regulation for such labels in the United States. Method This multidisciplinary scoping review examines the public health implications of the "clean" label trend and the legal and policy landscape for regulation. We report on findings from case law and legal research generated through the Westlaw database and from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) enforcement actions and website documents to discuss options for federal- and state-level intervention to mitigate harm. Results One feasible avenue for change is for the FDA to provide industry guidance, disseminate public statements to debunk myths, and enforce labeling statutes to police deceptive "clean" labeling claims. We also suggest consumer-protection litigation and state-level litigation via attorneys general as alternative actions to combat the abundant misinformation associated with "clean" diets and labels. Discussion Although the FDA has taken some enforcement actions, these efforts are insufficient given the proliferation of "clean" label products in the marketplace and the potential for adverse impacts on public health including increased risk for disordered eating. The current unregulated, undefined landscape for "clean" dietary labels thus requires urgent action by federal authorities and state attorneys general.