Theory successfully predicts hiding time: new data for the lizard Sceloporus virgatus and a review
Theory successfully predicts hiding time: new data for the lizard Sceloporus virgatus and a review
复制标题
理论成功预测隐藏时间：蜥蜴 Sceloporus virgatus 的新数据和综述
DOI：
10.1093/beheco/arp035
复制
发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
W. Cooper
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
W. Cooper
经济学假设预测，庇护所中的猎物在与捕食者短暂相遇后，会根据出现的成本（捕食风险）和不出现的成本来决定在出现之前隐藏多久（隐藏时间）。在这里，我报告了对这些假设的预测的测试，这些假设是通过接近蜥蜴来引出蜥蜴进入避难所的几个成本和停留在避难所的成本因素，回顾了预测的测试，以评估当前模型在预测隐藏时间方面的成功，并注意到预测隐藏时间和飞行起始距离（逃跑开始时捕食者与猎物之间的距离）之间的相似之处。在更大的风险下，隐藏时间更长，这意味着更快、更直接、更重复的接近，以及在隐藏期间捕食者离避难所更近。蜥蜴对使用避难所的成本做出了反应，当外面有食物可见时，当避难所比蜥蜴冷得多时，它们会更快地出来。此外，蜥蜴更有可能进入避难所，当接近迅速，当云层妨碍了有效的体温调节晒太阳。对蜥蜴和其他类群的研究结果进行了回顾，有力地支持了成本-收益模型的预测，即隐藏时间随着出现成本的增加而增加，随着停留在避难所的成本而减少。通过对逃跑理论和避难利用理论的平行预测的考察，强调了它们的基本相似性，并导致了对避难利用理论未经检验的预测的识别。牛津大学出版社版权所有。
Economic hypotheses predict that prey in refuges after short-term encounters with predators decide how long to hide before emerging (hiding time) based on cost of emerging (predation risk) and cost of not emerging. Here, I report tests of predictions of these hypotheses for several cost of emerging and cost of remaining in refuge factors in the lizard Sceloporus virgatus by approaching lizards to elicit refuge entry, review tests of the predictions to evaluate the success of current models in predicting hiding time, and note parallels between models predicting hiding time and flight initiation distance (distance separating predator from prey when escape begins). Hiding times were longer under greater risk implied by faster, more direct, and repeated approaches and by greater proximity of the predator to the refuge during hiding. Lizards responded to costs of refuge use by emerging sooner when food was visible outside and when the refuge was substantially cooler than the lizard. In addition, lizards were more likely to enter refuges when approached rapidly and when cloudiness precluded effective thermoregulation by basking. Review of findings for lizards and other taxa revealed strong support for the predictions of cost-benefit models that hiding time increases with cost of emerging and decreases with cost of staying in refuge. Examination of parallel predictions by escape theory and refuge use theory emphasizes their fundamental similarity and led to identification of an untested prediction of refuge use theory. Copyright 2009, Oxford University Press.