LEAVING IT UP TO THE WORKERS - SOCIOLOGICAL-PERSPECTIVE ON THE MANAGEMENT OF HEALTH AND SAFETY IN SMALL WORKPLACES
LEAVING IT UP TO THE WORKERS - SOCIOLOGICAL-PERSPECTIVE ON THE MANAGEMENT OF HEALTH AND SAFETY IN SMALL WORKPLACES
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DOI：
10.2190/dnv0-57vv-fj7k-8ku5
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发表时间：
1992-01-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
EAKIN, JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
EAKIN, JM
小型工作场所对促进职业健康和安全提出了特别的挑战。然而，人们对这种环境下的社会工作组织及其与健康和安全问题的关系知之甚少。本文所依据的研究将职业健康行为模式与工作场所内社会关系的性质联系起来。通过对53位小企业主的访谈进行定性分析，作者描述了管理工作场所健康和安全的最常见方法：把它交给工人。这种姿态是根据业主对风险的感知来解释的，特别是他们对工作场所危害的理解，以及他们对忽视或解决这些问题的社会成本的评估。业主倾向于低估或正常的健康危害，并认为管理层对员工健康行为的干预是家长式的，不符合普遍的劳动关系模式和尊重个人自主权的规范。许多业主并不把健康和安全理解为管理部门的官僚职能，而是把它理解为他们没有合法权力的个人道德事业。将业主的反应概念化为“社会理性”，对解决小型工作场所的健康和安全问题具有影响。
Small workplaces present particular challenges for the promotion of occupational health and safety. However, little is known about the social organization of work in such settings and how it relates to matters of health and safety. The research on which this article is based relates patterns of occupational health behavior to the nature of social relationships within the workplace. From a qualitative analysis of interviews with 53 small business owners, the author describes the most common approach to managing workplace health and safety: leaving it up to the workers. This posture is explained in terms of the owners' perception of risk, particularly their understanding of workplace hazards, and their assessment of the social costs of ignoring or addressing such issues. Owners tended to discount or normal health hazards, and to believe that management intervention in employee health behavior was paternalistic and inconsistent with prevailing patterns of labor relations and norms respecting individual autonomy. Many owners understood health and safety not as a bureaucratic function of management but as a personal moral enterprise in which they did not have legitimate authority. The conceptualization of the owners' responses in terms of "social rationality" has implications for addressing problems of health and safety in small workplaces.