Extreme geomagnetic field variability indicated by Eastern Mediterranean full-vector archaeomagnetic records
Extreme geomagnetic field variability indicated by Eastern Mediterranean full-vector archaeomagnetic records
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.epsl.2019.115979
复制
发表时间：
2020-02
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
P. Ertepinar;M. Hammond;M. Hill;A. Biggin;C. Langereis;A. Herries;K. Yener;M. Akar;Marie-Henriette Gates;T. Harrison;A. Greaves;D. Frankel;Jennifer M. Webb;İ. Özgen;G. B. Yazicioğlu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Ertepinar;M. Hammond;M. Hill;A. Biggin;C. Langereis;A. Herries;K. Yener;M. Akar;Marie-Henriette Gates;T. Harrison;A. Greaves;D. Frankel;Jennifer M. Webb;İ. Özgen;G. B. Yazicioğlu
地球磁场可以在很短的时间尺度上表现出相当大的变化，甚至可以短到几十年。对中东文物(主要来自以色列和约旦)的考古磁学研究表明，有证据表明，在公元前1050-700年间，黎凡特出现了一个异常高强度的时期，在黎凡特地区出现了两个明显的尖峰，即黎凡特铁器时代异常(LIAA)。它的确切持续时间和地理范围仍然鲜为人知。尽管有丰富的古代定居点、广泛的文化遗产以及悠久的贸易和移民历史，但土耳其和塞浦路斯的考古磁性在很大程度上仍未得到开发。这项研究提供了东地中海七个考古遗址的古代方向和强度的大型数据集，时间跨度为∼2000年。来自13组样本的记录方向与我们早先的发现是一致的，但显示出比现有场模型明显更大的波动。特别是，我们确认了我们早些时候发现的从公元前1910-1850年的非常大的倾角摆动，希腊PSV曲线也捕捉到了这种摆动，比现有的野外模型预测的要浅10°以上。因此，这些模式需要在该地区进行重大修改。我们能够从13组泥砖中确定5组的考古强度，这使我们能够提供完整的野外矢量。此外，我们提出了来自陶片和泥砖的31个新的考古强度结果，这些结果大大增强了现有的数据，特别是当应用了一套严格的选择标准时。来自同一遗址(Tell Atchana)的14组陶片提供了迄今为止土耳其有记录的最长的陶片序列，从公元前2100年到公元前1350年。我们在公元前700年左右在来自两个不同地点(Tell Tayinat和Kilise Tepe)的年代准确的泥砖和陶片中发现了145和175 ZAM2的异常高强度，支持了该地区极端的地磁场变异性。此外，这两个高强度证实了LIAA在土耳其的年轻峰值。
The magnetic field of the Earth can exhibit considerable variations at short time scales, even as short as decades. The archaeomagnetic studies of Middle Eastern artefacts (mainly from Israel and Jordan) show evidence for an exceptionally high intensity period from 1050-700 BC which displays two distinct spikes over the Levant, the Levantine Iron Age Anomaly (LIAA). Its exact duration and geographical extent are still poorly known. Despite the wealth of ancient settlements, the extensive cultural heritage and a long history of trade and immigration, the archaeomagnetism of Turkey and Cyprus remains largely unexplored. This study presents a large data set of ancient directions and intensities from seven archaeological sites in the Eastern Mediterranean covering a time span of ∼2000 yrs. The recorded directions from thirteen sets of samples are coherent with our earlier findings, yet show significantly larger swings than existing field models. In particular, we confirm the very large swing in inclination we found earlier, from 1910-1850 BC, that is also captured by the Greek PSV curve, and shallower by more than 10° than predicted by existing field models. Consequently, these models require substantial revision in this region. We were able to determine the archaeointensity from five sets of mud-bricks, from the thirteen attempted, allowing us to provide the full field vector. Furthermore, we present thirty-one new archaeointensity results from potsherds and mud-bricks that considerably enhance existing data, especially when a set of strict selection criteria is applied. Fourteen sets of potsherds from a single site (Tell Atchana) provide the longest sequence recorded so far in Turkey, from 2100 to 1350 BC. We find exceptionally high intensities of 145 and 175 ZAm2around 700 BC, in well-dated mud-bricks and potsherds from two different locations (Tell Tayinat and Kilise Tepe), supporting extreme geomagnetic field variability in the region. Moreover, these two high intensities confirm the younger spike of the LIAA in Turkey.