COPING, EXPECTANCIES, AND ALCOHOL-ABUSE - A TEST OF SOCIAL-LEARNING FORMULATIONS
COPING, EXPECTANCIES, AND ALCOHOL-ABUSE - A TEST OF SOCIAL-LEARNING FORMULATIONS
复制标题
DOI：
10.1037/0021-843x.97.2.218
复制
发表时间：
1988-05-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
GEORGE, WH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
COOPER, ML;RUSSELL, M;GEORGE, WH
酒精滥用的社会学习视角催生了解释病因的理论分析以及指导治疗的干预方法。尽管对这种方法的组成部分有零星的经验支持，但缺乏对虐待的综合社会学习模型的测试。这里提出的模型假设酒精滥用可以从因果链中预测，其中包括酒精消费和“饮酒应对”作为近端决定因素，一般应对技能和积极的酒精预期作为远端决定因素。为了以一种允许同时考虑其多重决定因素和控制人口影响的方式评估该模型，路径分析技术应用于从一般人群样本中提取的问题饮酒者和非问题饮酒者的数据。假设的模型解释了虐待状况的显著差异。通过饮酒来应对成为最有力的预测因素，通过直接和间接的途径施加影响。逃避情绪的应对方式比以问题为中心的应对方式更能预测虐待的发生。应对的预测价值被酒精预期所调节，因此，只有在更相信酒精的积极强化特性的饮酒者中，回避型应对情绪的方式才能预测滥用状态。这些发现支持并完善了酒精滥用的社会学习视角。考虑了理论和治疗意义。
The social learning perspective on alcohol abuse has spawned theoretical analyses to explain etiology as well as intervention methods to guide treatment. Despite scattered empirical support for constituent components of this approach, tests of a comprehensive social learning model of abuse have been lacking. The model proposed here postulates that alcohol abuse can be predicted from a causal chain that includes alcohol consumption and “drinking to cope” as proximal determinants and general coping skills and positive alcohol expectancies as more distal determinants. To evaluate this model in a way that permits simultaneous consideration of its multiple determinants and control for demographic influences, path analytic techniques were applied to data from problem and nonproblem drinkers drawn from a general population sample. The hypothesized model accounted for significant variance in abuse status. Drinking to cope emerged as the most powerful predictor, exerting influence via direct and indirect pathways. Coping styles indicative of avoidance of emotion emerged as more important predictors of abuse than problem-focused coping. The predictive value of coping was moderated by alcohol expectancies such that avoidant styles of coping with emotion were predictive of abuse status only among drinkers expressing greater belief in alcohol’s positive reinforcing properties. These findings both support and refine the social learning perspective on alcohol abuse. Theoretical and treatment implications are considered.