Preliminary phytochemical analysis and insecticidal activity of ethanolic extracts of four tropical plants (Vernonia amygdalina, Sida acuta, Ocimum gratissimum and Telfaria occidentalis) against beans weevil (Acanthscelides obtectus)
Preliminary phytochemical analysis and insecticidal activity of ethanolic extracts of four tropical plants (Vernonia amygdalina, Sida acuta, Ocimum gratissimum and Telfaria occidentalis) against beans weevil (Acanthscelides obtectus)
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四种热带植物（斑鸠菊、西达、罗勒和Telfaria occidentalis）乙醇提取物对豆象甲（Acanthscelides obtectus）的初步植物化学分析和杀虫活性
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发表时间：
2010
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通讯作者：
Bd Arimah
中科院分区：
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作者：
S. Adeniyi;C. Orjiekwe;J. Ehiagbonare;Bd Arimah
对罗勒（Ocimumgratissimum）、黄花稔（Sidaacuta）、Telfariaoctagentalis和斑鸠菊（Vernoniaamygdalina）叶乙醇提取物的次生代谢产物成分及其对豆象的杀虫活性进行了筛选。提取物的植物化学筛选揭示了生物碱，黄酮类化合物，皂苷，类固醇，单宁，根皮单宁和萜类化合物在植物中的存在调查。乙醇提取物中不含根皮单宁和萜类化合物。occurentalis（leaf）中，两种O. gratissimum和S. acuta中不含甾体化合物; Occumentalis和V. amygdalina（叶）。提取的O. gratissimum，S. acuta，尖叶木霉T.并研究了不同浓度的杀虫活性。钝的平均死亡率表明，提取物对靶标昆虫造成显著死亡。生物测定结果表明，各提取物的毒力与浓度成正比，浓度越高，毒力越强。观察到的总体平均死亡率也随着治疗后时间间隔的增加而增加。处理后0.25、0.50、0.75、1.00和1.50 h的总平均死亡率（HAT）表明，4%苦杏仁、S. acuta、尖叶野螟O. gratissimum和T.其中，八棱瓢虫的死亡率最高，分别为33.60、31.47、28.80和15.20;处理后1.50 h，组织学改变不明显。由此可以推断，苦杏仁叶提取物的显著死亡率最高。
Ethanolic extracts of the leaves of Ocimum gratissimum, Sida acuta, Telfaria occidentalis and Vernonia amygdalina were screened for secondary metabolite constituents and insecticidal activity against beans weevil (Acanthscelides obtectus). Phytochemical screening of the extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, tannins, phlobatannins and terpenoids in the plants investigated. Phlobatannins and terpenoids were found to be absent in ethanol extract of T. occidentalis (leaf), saponins were also absent in both O. gratissimum and S. acuta while steroidal compounds were found to be absent in T. occidentalis and V. amygdalina (leaf). The extracts of O. gratissimum, S. acuta, T. occidentalis and V. amygdalina of different concentrations were also investigated for their insecticidal activity against A. obtectus. Average mortality indicated that the extracts caused significant mortality on the target insects. The bioassay has indicated that the toxic effect of the extracts was proportional to the concentration and higher concentration has stronger effect. The observed overall mean mortality also increased with increase in time intervals after treatment. The overall mean mortality at 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00 and 1.50 h after treatment (HAT) indicated that 4% solution of the extracts of V. amygdalina, S. acuta, O. gratissimum and T. occidentalis showed the highest mortality of 33.60, 31.47, 28.80 and 15.20, respectively in A. obtectus at 1.50 h after treatment. It could be inferred from the study that extract from V. amygdalina leaf could cause the highest significant mortality.