Growth hormone, lymphocytes and macrophages.
Growth hormone, lymphocytes and macrophages.
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DOI：
10.1016/0006-2952(89)90222-0
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发表时间：
1989-03
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
K. W. Kelley
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. W. Kelley
重组人生长激素（促生长激素）于1985年10月被批准用于人类，现在被广泛用于治疗大量出生时患有生长激素缺乏症的儿童。通过重组方法合成人类生长激素对所有生长激素缺乏的儿童来说无疑是一个重要的进步，这些儿童现在可以安全地接受儿童内切诺洛sts治疗，以实现生长速度的提高。生长激素的其他潜在临床用途已经引起了医学科学家的极大兴奋和担忧。生长激素可能有助于控制中年人的肥胖，逆转衰老过程的某些方面，改善烧伤病人的伤口愈合，增强运动员的身体能力，逆转衰老过程的某些方面，提高生长速度，减少家畜的胴体脂肪。然而，不幸的是，生长激素如何影响人类和动物健康尚不清楚。多核、单核髓样细胞和单核细胞对保护宿主免受传染病的侵袭是必不可少的。巨噬细胞对大多数免疫反应的诱导和表达至关重要。巨噬细胞可以被触发产生活性氧中间体，如羟基自由基、单线态氧分子、过氧化氢和超氧阴离子（O?），它们非特异性地杀死摄入的细菌。活化的巨噬细胞也加工并向T细胞呈递细菌抗原，增强主要组织相容性复合体II类基因的表达，杀死肿瘤细胞并分泌大量单因子，如IL-1和肿瘤坏死因子- 0。胸腺吸引来自骨髓的祖T淋巴细胞，并作为一个器官，通过产生重排的T细胞受体基因，允许分化为成熟的、功能性的T细胞。T淋巴细胞在免疫系统中发挥着多种功能。这些细胞的一个子集，被称为cd4细胞（辅助/诱导剂），可以分泌一些影响T细胞（如IL-2， IL-4）， B细胞（如IL-4， IL-5, IL-6, IL-7）和巨噬细胞功能（如干扰素-y）的淋巴因子。虽然在某种程度上
Recombinant human growth hormone (somatotropin) was approved for human use in October, 1985, and is now being used extensively to treat a large number of children born with a growth hormone deficiency. The synthesis of human growth hormone by recombinant methods has certainly been an important advance for all growth hormone-deficient children who can now be safely treated by pediatric endoc~ nolo~ sts to achieve an augmentation in growth rate. Other potential clinical uses of growth hormone have generated much excitement, and concern, by medical scientists. Growth hormone may be useful for controlling obesity in middle-aged humans, reversing some aspects of the aging process, improving wound healing in burn patients, aug menting the physical abilities of athletes, reversing some aspects of the aging process and improving growth rate and reducing carcass fat in domestic food animals. Unfortunately, however, it is unclear how growth hormone affects human and animal health. Polymo~ honuclear and mononuclear myeloid cells and l~ phoc~ es are absolutely essential for protection of the host against infectious diseases. Macrophages are critical to the induction and expression of most immune responses. Macrophages can be triggered to produce reactive oxygen intermediates, such as hydroxyl radicals, singlet oxygen molecules, hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion (O?), which nonspecifically kill ingested bacteria. Activated macrophages also process and present bacterial antigens to T cells, show enhanced expression of Class II genes of the major histocompatibility complex, kill tumor cells and secrete a number of monokines, such as IL-1 and tumor necrosis factor-o. The thymus gland attracts progenitor T lymphocytes from the bone marrow and serves as an organ that permits differentiation into mature, functional T cells by generating rearranged T cell receptor genes. T lymphocytes perform a variety of functions in the immune system. A subset of these cells, known as CD 4 cells (helper/inducer), can secrete a number of lymphokines that affect T cell (eg IL-2, IL-4), B cell (eg IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7) and macrophage function (eg interferon-y). Although it is somewhat