LATE QUATERNARY RECORDS OF ORGANIC CARBON , CALCIUM CARBONATE
LATE QUATERNARY RECORDS OF ORGANIC CARBON , CALCIUM CARBONATE
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晚第四纪有机碳、碳酸钙记录
DOI：
10.2973/odp.proc.sr.167.224.2000
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Tada
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Masanobu Yamamoto;M. Yamamuro;R. Tada
测定了 304 个样品的总有机碳 (TOC) 和碳酸钙 (CaCO3) 浓度，并分析了来自 Core 167-1016C-1H 的 101 个样品的生物标志物。 TOC 变化范围为 1% 至 2%，CaCO3 通常为 1% 至 4%，峰值可达 14%。估计古温度在 8.5°C 至 17.5°C 之间。这种变化意味着核心 167-1016C-1H 涵盖了氧同位素阶段 1-6。硅藻衍生的 C25:1 HBI 烯烃浓度峰值出现在变暖期间，表明冰川消融期间上升流增强。附着体衍生的烯酮和硅藻衍生的C25:1 HBI烯酮的浓度异相变化，这可能是由于表面混合层养分供应模式的变化所致。在升温和降温期间均观察到最大 CaCO3 含量 (>10%)。冷却间隔中的峰值与烯酮最大值相关，而升温间隔中的峰值则不然。这意味着碳酸盐的产生并不是控制该地点碳酸盐补偿深度的唯一因素，并且建议考虑北太平洋深水化学的变化。 Site 1016 沉积物中存在石油类化合物。它们的浓度在变暖间隔内达到最大，该间隔对应于概念角附近一个巨大的焦油堆被破坏的时间。柏油状物质可能是由阿圭罗扇系统运送到站点 1016。 U k ́ 37 U k ́ 37 1Lyle, M., Koizumi, I., Richter, C., and Moore, T.C., Jr. (Eds.), 2000. Proc. ODP，科学。结果，167：德克萨斯州大学站（海洋钻探计划）。 2 日本地质调查局矿产和燃料资源部，1-1-3 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8567, Japan。 yamamoto@gsj.go.jp 3日本地质调查局海洋地质部，1-1-3 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8567, Japan。 4东京大学地质研究所，7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113，日本。简介 海洋钻探计划 (ODP) 1016 号站点（北纬 34°32′，西经 122°17′）位于加利福尼亚州 Point Conception 以西约 150 公里处，位于水深 3835 米的深海山上（图 1）。尽管蒙特利扇和阿圭罗扇分别延伸至这座深海山的北部和南部（Chase 等人，1981），但该地点覆盖着半远洋沉积物。加州洋流向南流动的核心位于该地点附近（Hickey，1979；Lynn 和 Simpson，1987）。因此，该地点适合重建加州海流的海面温度（SST）及其相关上升流的强度。加州海流的海温是西风漂流亚北极水与北太平洋海流亚热带水混合的结果(Hickey, 1979)，可能对北太平洋及周边地区的气候变化敏感。沿海上升流是由加州边缘的北风引起的（Huyer，1983），其强度的变化影响初级生产力和生态系统（例如，Parsons等，1984；Roemmich和McGown，1995）。因此，对古海面温度（paleo-SST）、初级生产力和海洋生态系统的评估为了解加州洋流系统对第四纪气候变化的响应提供了线索。人们对加州边缘的古环境变化进行了许多调查，其中大部分集中在过去三万年的变化。 ODP Site 893 提供了圣巴巴拉盆地 197 米长的沉积物核心，用于高分辨率的晚第四纪古环境研究（Shorebased Scientific Party，1994）。在第 167 段期间，我们在北纬 40° 空旷位置钻探了 1016 号场地（水深 3846 m）和 1017 号场地（水深 967 m）。
Total organic carbon (TOC) and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) concentrations were determined for 304 samples, and biomarkers were analyzed for 101 samples from Core 167-1016C-1H. TOC varies between 1% and 2%, and CaCO3 is typically 1%– 4%, with peaks reaching 14%. Paleotemperature estimated from varies from 8.5° to 17.5°C. The variation implies that Core 167-1016C-1H covers oxygen isotope Stages 1–6. Peaks of diatom-derived C25:1 HBI alkene concentrations occur during warming intervals, suggesting intensified upwelling during deglaciation. The concentrations of haptophyte-derived alkenones and diatom-derived C25:1 HBI alkene vary out of phase, which presumably resulted from the changes in the mode of nutrient supply to surface mixed layer. Maximal CaCO3 contents (>10%) were observed in both warming and cooling intervals. The peak in cooling interval relates to an alkenone maximum, whereas the peaks in warming intervals do not. This implies that carbonate production is not the only factor controlling carbonate compensation depth at this site, and it suggests considering the changes in North Pacific deep-water chemistry. Petroleum-type compounds are present in Site 1016 sediments. Their concentrations are maximized in the warming intervals that correspond to the timing of destruction of a huge tar mound off Point Conception. The tarry material was presumably transported by the Arguello Fan system to Site 1016. U k ́ 37 U k ́ 37 1Lyle, M., Koizumi, I., Richter, C., and Moore, T.C., Jr. (Eds.), 2000. Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 167: College Station TX (Ocean Drilling Program). 2Mineral and Fuel Resources Department, Geological Survey of Japan, 1-1-3 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8567, Japan. yamamoto@gsj.go.jp 3Marine Geology Department, Geological Survey of Japan, 1-1-3 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8567, Japan. 4Geological Institute, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan. INTRODUCTION Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 1016 (34°32′N, 122°17′W) is located about 150 km west of Point Conception, California, on an abyssal hill in water 3835 m deep (Fig. 1). Although the Monterey Fan and the Arguello Fan extend to the north and south, respectively, of this abyssal hill (Chase et al., 1981), this site is covered with hemipelagic sediments. The core of southward flow of the California Current is located near this site (Hickey, 1979; Lynn and Simpson, 1987). The site is, therefore, suitable for reconstructing sea-surface temperature (SST) of the California Current and the intensity of its associated upwelling. The SST of the California Current is the result of mixing the West Wind Drift subarctic water and the North Pacific Current subtropical water (Hickey, 1979), and it is possibly sensitive to climate changes in the North Pacific Ocean and the surrounding areas. The coastal upwelling is induced by northerly winds along the California margin (Huyer, 1983), and the changes in its intensity affect primary productivity and the ecosystem (e.g., Parsons et al., 1984; Roemmich and McGown, 1995). Thus the assessments of paleo-seasurface temperature (paleo-SST), primary productivity, and the marine ecosystem provide a clue to understanding the responses of the California Current system to Quaternary climate changes. Many investigations have been conducted on the paleoenvironmental changes along the California margin, and most of them focused on the changes during the last 30,000 yr. ODP Site 893 provided 197-m-long core of sediments from the Santa Barbara Basin for high-resolution late Quaternary paleoenvironmental studies (Shorebased Scientific Party, 1994). During Leg 167, we drilled Sites 1016 (3846 m water depth) and 1017 (967 m water depth) at the open40° N