Radical Theory/Critical Praxis: AcademicGeography Beyond the Academy?
Radical Theory/Critical Praxis: AcademicGeography Beyond the Academy?
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激进理论/批判实践：学院之外的学术地理学？
DOI：
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Rob Kitchin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Duncan Fuller;Rob Kitchin
在过去的35年里，地理学家系统地从事和发展了关于社会、经济和环境问题的激进和批判性理论，并进行了批判性实践。激进地理学创立于20世纪60年代末，作为对政治上没有结果、没有人的数量地理学的回应，以及对社会组织和结构进行根本性变革的愿望，激进地理学与马克思主义理论接轨，设想了一种新的人文地理学(见皮特1977)。因此，在这个时候，关于相关的革命(狄金森和克拉克1972)和‘社会责任’(1971年王子)被夸大了。在英国，这样的“革命”是在两次世界大战期间人们对贫困者的地理关注和对“第三世界”日益关注的背景下进行的。在美国，反对越南战争的抗议，以及与城市人口贫困和种族关系有关的大量民权示威和骚乱也提供了类似的推动力。根据狄金森和克拉克(1972)的说法，这种重点和研究思想(不一定是方法论)的根本性转变是由三个主要目标推动的：(1)强调国内外的社会相关问题；(2)更加强调目的而不是研究手段；(3)努力影响决策者，以及公众。这一点概括在大卫·史密斯(1976，84)充满激情的恳求中：
For the past thirty five years, geographers have systematically engaged with and developed radical and critical theories of social, economic and environmental issues, and undertaken critical praxis. Pioneered in the late 1960s as a reaction to the politically sterile and peopleless quantitative geography and a desire to enact fundamental changes to the organisation and structures of society, radical geography engaged with Marxist theory to envisage a new kind of human geography (see Peet 1977). As a consequence, at this time there was hyperbole about revolutions of relevance (Dickinson and Clarke 1972) and ‘social responsibility’ (Prince 1971). In Britain, such ‘revolutions’ were set against a context of geographical concern for the impoverished dating from the inter-war years and increased concern about the ‘Third World’. In America, protest against the Vietnam war, and numerous civil rights demonstrations and rioting concerned with the impoverishment of urban populations and race relations provided similar impetus. According to Dickinson and Clarke (1972) this radical shift in emphasis and ideology of research (not necessarily methodology) was driven by three main aims: (1) to highlight socially relevant issues at ‘home’ as well as abroad; (2) to place greater emphasis on the ends rather than the means of research; (3) and to strive to influence those making policy, in addition to the general public. This is encapsulated in David Smith’s (1976, 84) impassioned plea: