Would I Be Helped? Cross-National CCTV Footage Shows That Intervention Is the Norm in Public Conflicts
Would I Be Helped? Cross-National CCTV Footage Shows That Intervention Is the Norm in Public Conflicts
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DOI：
10.1037/amp0000469
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发表时间：
2020-01-01
影响因子：
16.4
通讯作者：
Lindegaard, Marie Rosenkrantz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Philpot, Richard;Liebst, Lasse Suonpera;Lindegaard, Marie Rosenkrantz
半个世纪来对旁观者行为的研究得出结论，在紧急情况下，当有其他人在场时，个体比独自一人时更不可能进行干预。相比之下，很少有人知道至少有人在紧急情况下会做些什么来帮助的综合可能性。建立这种综合干预基线的重要性不仅是学术上的兴趣，也是最紧迫的问题，为实际的公共受害者-我会得到帮助，如果需要的？目前的文章描述了最大的系统研究，在现实生活中的旁观者干预的实际公共冲突所捕获的监控摄像头。使用来自英国，荷兰和南非（N = 219）的独特的跨国视频数据集，我们表明，在10个公共冲突中，至少有1个旁观者，但通常是几个，会做些什么来帮助。我们在3个国家的背景下记录了类似的干预可能性，这3个国家在感知的公共安全水平上存在很大差异。最后，我们发现，增加旁观者的存在与更大的可能性，有人会干预。综合这些发现，人们普遍担心旁观者很少出手相助。我们认为，现在是时候改变心理学的叙述远离缺乏帮助，并朝着一个新的理解是什么使干预成功或不成功。
Half a century of research on bystander behavior concludes that individuals are less likely to intervene during an emergency when in the presence of others than when alone. By contrast, little is known regarding the aggregated likelihood that at least someone present at an emergency will do something to help. The importance of establishing this aggregated intervention baseline is not only of scholarly interest but is also the most pressing question for actual public victims-will I receive help if needed? The current article describes the largest systematic study of real-life bystander intervention in actual public conflicts captured by surveillance cameras. Using a unique cross-national video dataset from the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and South Africa (N = 219), we show that in 9 of 10 public conflicts, at least 1 bystander, but typically several, will do something to help. We record similar likelihoods of intervention across the 3 national contexts, which differ greatly in levels of perceived public safety. Finally, we find that increased bystander presence is related to a greater likelihood that someone will intervene. Taken together these findings allay the widespread fear that bystanders rarely intervene to help. We argue that it is time for psychology to change the narrative away from an absence of help and toward a new understanding of what makes intervention successful or unsuccessful.