Pathogenesis of Y. enterocolitica and Y. pseudotuberculosis in Human Yersiniosis.
Pathogenesis of Y. enterocolitica and Y. pseudotuberculosis in Human Yersiniosis.
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DOI：
10.4061/2011/182051
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Chopra AK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Galindo CL;Rosenzweig JA;Kirtley ML;Chopra AK
耶尔森氏病是一种食源性疾病，由于人类通过粪便-口腔途径传播和在农场动物中流行，近年来变得更加流行。耶尔森氏病主要由小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌引起，假结核耶尔森氏菌较少发生。感染的特征通常是一种自限性的急性感染，始于肠道，扩散到肠系膜淋巴结。然而，也可能发生更严重的感染和慢性病，特别是在免疫功能低下的人身上。小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌和假结核耶尔森氏菌都是异质生物，它们的致病性程度有很大的不同，尽管一些概括可以归因于致病变种。黏附分子和III型分泌系统对感染的建立和发展至关重要。此外，宿主的先天和获得性免疫反应都是清除耶尔森尼病毒所必需的。尽管肠源性耶尔森氏菌在世界范围内普遍存在，并且它们是食物中毒的重要原因，但很少有全国性的肠道病原体监测项目将耶尔森氏菌列为应通报的病原体。此外，没有标准可用来有效地比较识别和报告系统，并制定全球趋势。本文综述了耶尔森氏菌的毒力因子、感染机制和宿主反应，以及耶尔森氏菌病的监测、检测和预防的现状。
Yersiniosis is a food-borne illness that has become more prevalent in recent years due to human transmission via the fecal-oral route and prevalence in farm animals. Yersiniosis is primarily caused by Yersinia enterocolitica and less frequently by Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. Infection is usually characterized by a self-limiting acute infection beginning in the intestine and spreading to the mesenteric lymph nodes. However, more serious infections and chronic conditions can also occur, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. Y. enterocolitica and Y. pseudotuberculosis are both heterogeneous organisms that vary considerably in their degrees of pathogenicity, although some generalizations can be ascribed to pathogenic variants. Adhesion molecules and a type III secretion system are critical for the establishment and progression of infection. Additionally, host innate and adaptive immune responses are both required for yersiniae clearance. Despite the ubiquity of enteric Yersinia species and their association as important causes of food poisoning world-wide, few national enteric pathogen surveillance programs include the yersiniae as notifiable pathogens. Moreover, no standard exists whereby identification and reporting systems can be effectively compared and global trends developed. This review discusses yersinial virulence factors, mechanisms of infection, and host responses in addition to the current state of surveillance, detection, and prevention of yersiniosis.