Neighborhood characteristics associated with the location of food stores and food service places
Neighborhood characteristics associated with the location of food stores and food service places
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DOI：
10.1016/s0749-3797(01)00403-2
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发表时间：
2002-01-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Poole, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Morland, K;Wing, S;Poole, C
背景资料：虽然饮食和疾病之间的关系已经很好地建立起来，但影响疾病风险的可持续饮食变化一直难以实现。虽然个人因素是一些人无法改变饮食习惯的传统解释，但很少有研究调查健康食品的实际可用性如何影响个人的饮食。本研究探讨了分布的食品商店和食品服务的地方附近的财富和racial segregation.Methods：名称和地址的地方购买食品在密西西比，北卡罗来纳州，马里兰州，明尼苏达州分别从卫生和农业部门。人口普查区的地理编码。中位数的房子价值被用来估计邻里财富，而黑人居民的比例被用来衡量邻里racialsegregation.Results：相比最贫穷的社区，大量的超市和加油站的便利店位于富裕的社区。与最贫穷的社区相比，最富裕的社区消费酒精饮料的地方少3倍（患病率[PR]=0.3，95%置信区间[CI]=0.1-0.6）。关于邻里隔离，有4倍以上的超市位于白色社区相比，黑人neighborhoods（PR=4.3，95%CI =1-5-12.5）。结论：没有进入超市，提供各种各样的食品以较低的价格，穷人和少数民族社区可能无法平等地获得各种健康食品的选择，以非少数民族和富裕的社区。
Background: Although the relationship between diet and disease is well established, sustainable dietary changes that would affect risk for disease have been difficult to achieve. Whereas individual factors are traditional explanations for the inability of some people to change dietary habits, little research has investigated how the physical availability of healthy foods affects individuals' diets. This study examines the distribution of food stores and food service places by neighborhood wealth and racial segregation.Methods: Names and addresses of places to buy food in Mississippi, North Carolina, Maryland, and Minnesota were obtained from respective departments of health and agriculture. Addresses were geocoded to census tracts. Median house values were used to estimate neighborhood wealth, while the proportion of black residents was used to measure neighborhood racial segregation.Results: Compared to the poorest neighborhoods, large numbers of supermarkets and gas stations with convenience stores are located in wealthier neighborhoods. There are 3 times fewer places to consume alcoholic beverages in the wealthiest compared to the poorest neighborhoods (prevalence ratio [PR]=0.3, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.1-0.6). Regarding neighborhood segregation, there are 4 times more supermarkets located in white neighborhoods compared to black neighborhoods (PR=4.3, 95% CI=1-5-12.5).Conclusions: Without access to supermarkets, which offer a wide variety of foods at lower prices, poor and minority communities may not have equal access to the variety of healthy food choices available to nonminority and wealthy communities.