Suicide Rates and State Laws Regulating Access and Exposure to Handguns
Suicide Rates and State Laws Regulating Access and Exposure to Handguns
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DOI：
10.2105/ajph.2015.302753
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发表时间：
2015-10-01
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
Anestis, Joye C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anestis, Michael D.;Anestis, Joye C.
目标.使用以前的研究，我们研究了4手枪的法律（等待期，普遍的背景调查，枪锁，和开放携带规定）对自杀率的影响。我们使用公开可用的数据库来收集2013年全州法律、自杀率和人口统计学特征的信息。每项法律都与枪支自杀率和枪支自杀比例的显着降低有关。此外，除了需要等待期的法律外，每项法律都与较低的总体自杀率相关。后续分析显示，通过枪支自杀的比例对整体自杀率产生了显着的间接影响，表明整体自杀率的降低可归因于自杀企图减少，家中手枪减少，使用低致命性手段自杀企图，或这些因素的组合。实施这些法律中的任何一项的州在随后的几年中自杀率下降，而唯一废除其中一项法律的州自杀率上升。我们的研究结果支持了限制获得和接触手枪的州立法在预防自杀方面的潜在重要作用。
Objectives. Using previous research, we examined the impact of 4 handgun laws (waiting periods, universal background checks, gun locks, and open carrying regulations) on suicide rates.Methods. We used publicly available databases to collect information on state-wide laws, suicide rates, and demographic characteristics for 2013.Results. Each law was associated with significantly lower firearm suicide rates and the proportion of suicides resulting from firearms. In addition, each law, except for that which required a waiting period, was associated with a lower overall suicide rate. Follow-up analyses showed a significant indirect effect on overall suicide rates through the proportion of suicides by firearms, indicating that the reduced overall suicide rate was attributable to fewer suicide attempts, fewer handguns in the home, suicide attempts using less lethal means, or a combination of these factors. States that implemented any of these laws saw a decreased suicide rate in subsequent years, whereas the only state that repealed 1 of these laws saw an increased suicide rate.Conclusions. Our results were supportive of a potentially vital role in suicide prevention for state legislation that limits access and exposure to handguns.