Flesh and bones: Working with the grain to improve community management of water
Flesh and bones: Working with the grain to improve community management of water
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DOI：
10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105286
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发表时间：
2021-02-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Mwathunga, Evance
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Whaley, Luke;Cleaver, Frances;Mwathunga, Evance
尽管有令人信服的批评和有限的成功，社区管理仍然是自然资源管理和服务提供政策的核心。人们提出了各种办法，通过“与现有社会安排和关系的谷物合作”来加强建立信任措施。对倡导者来说，这种办法确保管理安排植根于当地现实，因此更有可能有效。然而，实施这一方法在方法、经验和操作上都具有挑战性。在本文中，我们通过对埃塞俄比亚、马拉维和乌干达农村社区管理水资源的研究，集中探讨了这些挑战。我们通过对这三个国家的150个社区进行深入的社会调查，审查水管理安排。我们还在马拉维和乌干达的12个社区进行了为期一年的研究，涉及30名日记管理员。这种对地方的关注得到了国家一级政治经济分析和地区一级可持续性评估的补充。我们的多国广泛密集的研究设计揭示了CBM的肉和骨头，并为我们的发现提供了解释。在埃塞俄比亚，水管理安排更有可能得到充实-正式成立的委员会往往与其他机构合作。在马拉维和乌干达，水管理安排往往是由关键个人组成的骨干队伍。我们采取的立场是介于倡导和批判之间。我们认识到与谷物合作的潜力。我们还认识到，在不将其简化为另一个标准化清单或工具箱的情况下，实施这一方法面临着相当大的挑战。为了调和这种紧张关系，我们确定了实际的切入点，并勾勒出一个更社会化的知情，反思和有效的方法与粮食工作的要求。这是否可以在主流发展的逻辑中运作，以及它是否可以“拯救”建立信任措施模式，仍然是悬而未决的问题。(C)2020年，任作家。爱思唯尔有限公司出版
Despite cogent critiques and limited successes, community-based management (CBM) remains central to policies for natural resource management and service delivery. Various approaches have been suggested to strengthen CBM by 'working with the grain' of existing social arrangements and relationships. For advocates, such approaches ensure that management arrangements are rooted in local realities and are therefore more likely to be effective. Implementing this approach is, however, methodologically, empirically, and operationally challenging. In this paper, we centre these challenges through a study of community-managed water in rural Ethiopia, Malawi, and Uganda. We examine water management arrangements by undertaking an in-depth social survey of 150 communities in the three countries. We also undertake yearlong studies in 12 communities in Malawi and Uganda involving 30 diary keepers. This focus on the local is complemented by country-level political economy analyses and district-level sustainability assessments. Our multi-country extensive-intensive research design uncovers the flesh and bones of CBM, and provides explanations for our findings. In Ethiopia, water management arrangements are more likely to be fleshed out - fully formed committees often working in conjunction with other institutions. In Malawi and Uganda, water management arrangements tend to be skeleton crews of key individuals. The position we adopt is located between advocacy and critique. We recognise the potential of working with the grain. We also recognise the considerable challenges of operationalising this approach without reducing it to another standardised checklist or toolbox. In an attempt to reconcile this tension, we identify practical entry points and sketch out requirements for a more socially informed, reflexive, and effective approach to working with the grain. Whether this can be operationalised within the logics of mainstream development, and whether it can 'save' the CBM model, remain open questions. (C) 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.