“A Patrimony for the Children”: Low-Income Homeownership and Housing (Im)Mobility in Latin American Cities
“A Patrimony for the Children”: Low-Income Homeownership and Housing (Im)Mobility in Latin American Cities
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“儿童的遗产”：拉丁美洲城市的低收入住房拥有率和住房流动性
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发表时间：
2012
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
P. Ward
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Ward
数据来自2007年对博戈塔和墨西哥城8个定居点约300个低收入自建房屋业主家庭的重新研究，这些家庭最初是在20世纪70年代初和70年代末接受采访的，该研究发表于20世纪80年代中期（吉尔伯特和沃德，1985年）。本文以纵向视角为框架，分析了30年来居住在非正规住区的家庭所有者的流动水平;当前（2007年）家庭在住宅和地块上的住房安排;以及（现在）成年子女和孙辈的所有权和继承权的预期。重新调查的结果显示，土地使用的变化很小，超过80%的原始家庭仍然生活在这块土地上。人口密度显著增加，分享该地块的家庭平均数量也显著增加。在墨西哥城，分享很多东西几乎都是与近亲（成年子女）一起做的，而在博戈塔，既有亲戚也有租房者。自我估计的财产价值和税务局的评估表明，这些合并定居点的房屋价值往往很高，很难出售，从而减少了住宅的流动性。此外，使用价值，以及对生活在这些地段上的第二代和第三代家庭的继承期望，几乎没有激励（或选择）出售和退出定居点。一些社会，司法（保有权和继承），住房政策的影响和挑战进行了讨论。
Data are presented from a 2007 restudy of some 300 low-income self-builder owner households across eight settlements in Bogotá and Mexico City originally interviewed in the early and late 1970s, published in the mid-1980s (Gilbert and Ward 1985). Framed within a longitudinal perspective, the article analyzes the level of turnover of household owners living in irregular settlements over a period of thirty years; the current (2007) housing arrangements of households in dwellings and on plots; and the expectancies of ownership and inheritance of (now) adult children and grandchildren. The findings from the resurvey show minimal land-use changes and that more than 80 percent of the original families remain living on the lot. Densities have increased significantly, as has the average number of households sharing the lot. In Mexico City, sharing a lot is almost exclusively done with close kin (adult children), whereas in Bogotá it is both kin as well as renters. Self-estimated property values and tax office assessments show that house values in these consolidated settlements are often so high as to make it very difficult to sell, thereby reducing residential mobility. Also, the use value, and the inheritance expectations for second- and third-generation households living on the lots, gives little incentive (or option) to sell up and exit the settlement. Some of the social, judicial (tenure and inheritance), and housing policy implications and challenges are discussed.