Groups perform better than the best individuals on letters-to-numbers problems: Effects of group size
Groups perform better than the best individuals on letters-to-numbers problems: Effects of group size
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.90.4.644
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发表时间：
2006-04-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Boh, L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Laughlin, PR;Hatch, EC;Boh, L
由2人、3人、4人或5人组成的个人或小组解决了2个字母到数字的问题，这些问题要求参与者在每次试验中通过用字母提出方程、用字母收到答案、提出假设并收到关于假设正确性的反馈来识别10个字母到10个数字的编码。3人组、4人组和5人组提出了更复杂的方程，与同等人数的最优秀的人相比，需要解决的问题更少。3人组、4人组和5人组比2人组解决问题的试验次数少，但彼此之间没有差异。这些结果表明，在高智力问题上，三人小组是必要的，而且足以比最优秀的个人表现得更好。
Individuals and groups of 2, 3, 4, or 5 people solved 2 letters-to-numbers problems that required participants, on each trial, to identify the coding of 10 letters to 10 numbers by proposing an equation in letters, receiving the answer in letters, proposing a hypothesis, and receiving feedback on the correctness of the hypothesis. Groups of 3, 4, and 5 people proposed more complex equations and had fewer trials to solution than the best of an equivalent number of individuals. Groups of 3, 4, and 5 people had fewer trials to solution than 2-person groups but did not differ from each other. These results suggest that 3-person groups are necessary and sufficient to perform better than the best individuals on highly intellective problems.