Temporal Profiles of Social Attention Are Different Across Development in Autistic and Neurotypical People
Temporal Profiles of Social Attention Are Different Across Development in Autistic and Neurotypical People
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bpsc.2020.09.004
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发表时间：
2021-08-05
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Zwiers, Marcel P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Del Bianco, Teresa;Mason, Luke;Zwiers, Marcel P.
背景：社交障碍，包括眼神接触异常，是自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的核心诊断特征。许多研究已经使用眼动追踪来测量自闭症患者对面部的注意力降低;然而，大多数这项工作并没有利用眼动追踪时间分辨率来检查注意力的时间分布。方法：我们使用增长曲线分析模型的注意力静态的社会场景作为时间的函数在一个大的（N = 650）样本的自闭症患者和神经典型的参与者在广泛的年龄范围（6-30岁）。结果：该模型产生了不同的时间配置文件的关注组中的面孔。最初，两组人都表现出了相对较高的关注面孔的概率，几秒钟后下降。然而，神经典型的参与者在每20秒试验的后半部分更有可能将注意力重新集中在面孔上，并且这种可能性随着年龄的增长而增加。相比之下，自闭症参与者在整个发展过程中返回面部的概率仍然很低。在ASD参与者中，更多的非典型注意力特征与较低的Vineland适应行为量表沟通评分相关，并且在一个与症状严重程度相关的数据驱动集群中具有较高的曲率。结论：这些研究结果表明，社会注意力不仅在ASD中减少，而且在时间动态上也有所不同。神经型参与者在不同年龄段如何部署他们的社会注意力方面变得更加复杂，这一模式在ASD参与者中显着减少，可能反映了社交专业知识的延迟获取。
BACKGROUND: Sociocommunicative difficulties, including abnormalities in eye contact, are core diagnostic features of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Many studies have used eye tracking to measure reduced attention to faces in autistic people; however, most of this work has not taken advantage of eye-tracking temporal resolution to examine temporal profiles of attention. METHODS: We used growth curve analysis to model attention to static social scenes as a function of time in a large (N = 650) sample of autistic participants and neurotypical participants across a wide age range (6-30 years). RESULTS: The model yielded distinct temporal profiles of attention to faces in the groups. Initially, both groups showed a relatively high probability of attending to faces, followed by decline after several seconds. The neurotypical participants, however, were significantly more likely to return their attention to faces in the latter part of each 20 second trial, with increasing probability with age. In contrast, the probability of returning to the face in the autistic participants remained low across development. In participants with ASD, more atypical profiles of attention were associated with lower Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales communication scores and a higher curvature in one data-driven cluster correlated with symptom severity. CONCLUSIONS: These findings show that social attention not only is reduced in ASD, but also differs in its temporal dynamics. The neurotypical participants became more sophisticated in how they deployed their social attention across age, a pattern that was significantly reduced in the participants with ASD, possibly reflecting delayed acquisition of social expertise.