Roles of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in stem cell survival/apoptosis, proliferation and differentiation.
Roles of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in stem cell survival/apoptosis, proliferation and differentiation.
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DOI：
10.2174/15665240113139990074
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发表时间：
2013-10
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
J.‐X. Shen;D. Qin;H. Wang;C. Wu;F. Shi;J. Wu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J.‐X. Shen;D. Qin;H. Wang;C. Wu;F. Shi;J. Wu
干细胞在再生医学、发育生物学和药物发现方面的潜力已经得到了很好的证明。例如，干细胞具有非凡的自我更新能力，也会产生许多特化细胞。很明显，干细胞技术彻底改变了我们对现代生物学和医学的理解，并为控制基础细胞生物学和各种疾病的机制提供了新的见解。烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体(NAChRs)是配体门控离子通道超家族神经递质受体的典型成员，在脑和身体功能中发挥着重要作用。已有研究表明，nAChRs除了在某些部位介导经典的兴奋性神经传递，在某些情况下调节神经递质的释放外，还在影响突触构筑、可塑性以及神经元的存活/死亡方面发挥重要作用。最近，新出现的证据表明，nAChRs在干细胞上表达，它们可能介导了胆碱能信号对干细胞生存/凋亡、增殖、分化和成熟的关键作用。本文综述了胆碱能调控干细胞存活/凋亡、增殖和分化的研究进展，以期评价nAChRs在干细胞生物学和病理学中的作用。
The potential of stem cells in regenerative medicine, developmental biology, and drug discovery has been well documented. For example, stem cells have the extraordinary ability of self-renewal, and also give rise to many specialized cells. It is clear that stem cell technology has revolutionized our understanding of modern biology and medicine and provided new insights into the mechanisms controlling basic cell biology and various diseases. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are prototypical members of the ligand-gated ion channel super family of neurotransmitter receptors that play many critical roles in brain and body function. It has been demonstrated that in addition to mediation of classical excitatory neurotransmission at some loci and modulation of release of neurotransmitters in some cases, nAChRs also play important roles in influencing synaptic architecture and plasticity as well as neuronal survival/death. Recently, emerging lines of evidence have suggested that nAChRs express on stem cells, where they likely mediate crucial effects of cholinergic signaling on stem cell survival/apoptosis, proliferation, differentiation and maturation. In this review, we summarize current development in cholinergic modulations of stem cell survival/apoptosis, proliferation and differentiation in order to evaluate the impact of nAChRs in stem cell biology and pathology.