Challenges to the use of fertilisers derived from human excreta: The case of vegetable exports from Kenya to Europe and influence of certification systems
Challenges to the use of fertilisers derived from human excreta: The case of vegetable exports from Kenya to Europe and influence of certification systems
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使用人类排泄物肥料面临的挑战：以肯尼亚向欧洲出口蔬菜为例以及认证体系的影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.foodpol.2019.05.001
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
Moya B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Moya B
土地退化和粪便污泥管理不足是撒哈拉以南非洲的两个主要问题。将人类排泄物转化为土壤改良剂并广泛采用，可以改善土壤健康，有助于解决撒南非洲的卫生危机。然而，这些肥料存在认知挑战，因为它们含有潜在的有害成分，如病原体和重金属，可以通过适当的处理（如堆肥）去除。人类排泄物衍生肥料（HEDF）大规模商业化的一个主要障碍是围绕其使用的法规不明确。这项研究的目的是确定障碍，以使用HEDF的农民参与园艺出口市场与肯尼亚作为重点领域，因为园艺出口是一个主要的贡献者，该国的经济。全球良好农业规范是园艺作物质量保证中最广泛采用的标准，目前在认证农场中不允许使用人类污水污泥。与利益相关者沿着食品出口链的访谈强调了他们之间存在的复杂的相互作用，并表明全球GAP认证的农民不愿意在他们的农场使用HEDF，即使当地法规承认处理过的污泥是农业的有效投入。一些国家（如英国、瑞典、澳大利亚和美国）制定了具体的认证或保证计划，以改善公众对生物固体的看法。针对从源头分离的人类排泄物制成的肥料建立类似的保证或认证计划，将是将其正式确定为产品，建立生产程序，污染物含量限制以及测试协议的一步。这种认证计划可以增加监管机构对HEDF的信心，并使其被全球农业标准所接受。
Land degradation and inadequate faecal sludge management are two major issues in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The transformation of human excreta into soil amendments and their wide-scale adoption could improve soil health and contribute to solving the sanitation crisis in SSA. There are however perception challenges around these fertilisers because of the potentially harmful components they contain such as pathogens and heavy metals, which can be removed with appropriate treatment such as composting. A major barrier to the wide scale commercialisation of human excreta derived fertiliser (HEDF) is the unclear regulations surrounding their use. The aim of this study was to identify barriers to the use of HEDF by farmers participating in the horticultural export market with Kenya as focus area since horticultural exports are a major contributor to the country’s economy. Global GAP is the most widely adopted standard for quality assurance of horticultural crops and the use of human sewage sludge is currently not allowed on certified farms. Interviews with stakeholders along the food export chain highlighted the complex interactions that exist between them and showed that Global GAP certified farmers were not willing to use HEDF on their farms even if local regulations recognise treated sludge as a valid input to agriculture. Several countries (like the UK, Sweden, Australia and the USA) created specific certification or assurance schemes to improve public perception of biosolids. The creation of a similar assurance or certification scheme specific to fertilisers made from source-separated human excreta would be a step into formalising them as a product, establishing production procedures, limits on contaminants content as well as testing protocols. Such a certification scheme could increase the confidence of regulating bodies in HEDF and lead to their acceptance by global farming standards.
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通过农民对产品属性的支付意愿来衡量粪便污泥和城市固体废物堆肥的市场可行性：来自乌干达坎帕拉的证据
影响因子：
--
作者：
G. Danso;M. Otoo;W. Ekere;S. Ddungu;Ganesha Madurangi
通讯作者：
Ganesha Madurangi
符合 GlobalGAP 标准的投资：肯尼亚的小规模生产商是否能获得回报？
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
S. Asfaw;D. Mithöfer;H. Waibel
通讯作者：
H. Waibel
农业认证计划对改善低收入和中等收入国家社会经济成果的有效性
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
Carlos Oya;Florian Schaefer;Dafni Skalidou;C. Mccosker;Laurenz Langer
通讯作者：
Laurenz Langer
使用指南
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
Ifla Cataloguing Section
通讯作者：
Ifla Cataloguing Section
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Cofie, OO;Kranjac-Berisavljevic, G;Drechsel, P
通讯作者：
Drechsel, P