Comparative visual function in five sciaenid fishes inhabiting Chesapeake Bay
Comparative visual function in five sciaenid fishes inhabiting Chesapeake Bay
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DOI：
10.1242/jeb.023358
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发表时间：
2008-11-15
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Latour, Robert J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Horodysky, Andrij Z.;Brill, Richard W.;Latour, Robert J.
在光动力强的海岸和河口水域，维持最佳视觉表现是一项艰巨的任务，在这些水域中，北大西洋西部的松科鱼类支持大量的商业和休闲渔业。在视觉敏感度和分辨率之间存在着不可避免的折衷，然而，尽管物种特有的生态形态和微生境分化很强，松果体视觉系统仍未被表征。因此，我们使用视网膜电成像技术描述了美国切萨皮克湾常见的五种网纹鱼类的视觉系统的光敏感度、时间特性和光谱特征：弱鱼(Cnoceron Regalis)、斑点海鞘(Cynoceron Nebulosus)、红鱼(Sciaenops Ocellatus)、大西洋鱼(Micropogonias Undulatus)和斑点鱼(Leiostomus Xanthurus)。在白光V/Logi实验中，底栖海鞘比更多的远洋海鞘表现出更高的敏感性和更宽的动态范围。前者的敏感性处于沿海鱼类新出现的连续体的较低端(更敏感)。闪光融合频率实验表明，在与生活方式和栖息地相关的最大强度上，物种间存在显著差异，但在较暗强度下，没有具体差异。大多数松果烯类化合物的光谱响应跨度为400-610 nm，弱鱼和大西洋鱼的光谱响应存在显著差异。弱鱼，一种黄昏状的捕食者，也对紫外线波长有反应；这一特征在混浊程度较低的条件下可能更有用。总而言之，这些结果表明，松柏类很好地适应了它们所居住的沿海和河口水域动态的光气候。然而，最近沿海环境中水质的人为退化速度快于视觉系统的进化，放大了确定受管理的水生动物视觉功能的重要性。
Maintaining optimal visual performance is a difficult task in the photodynamic coastal and estuarine waters in which western North Atlantic sciaenid fishes support substantial commercial and recreational fisheries. Unavoidable tradeoffs exist between visual sensitivity and resolution, yet sciaenid visual systems have not been characterized despite strong species-specific ecomorphological and microhabitat differentiation. We therefore used electroretinographic techniques to describe the light sensitivities, temporal properties, and spectral characteristics of the visual systems of five sciaenids common to Chesapeake Bay, USA: weakfish (Cynoscion regalis), spotted seatrout (Cynoscion nebulosus), red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus), Atlantic croaker (Micropogonias undulatus) and spot (Leiostomus xanthurus). Benthic sciaenids exhibited higher sensitivities and broader dynamic ranges in white light V/logI experiments than more pelagic forms. Sensitivities of the former were at the lower (more sensitive) end of an emerging continuum for coastal fishes. Flicker fusion frequency experiments revealed significant interspecific differences at maximum intensities that correlated with lifestyle and habitat, but no specific differences at dimmer intensities. Spectral responses of most sciaenids spanned 400-610 nm, with significant diel differences in weakfish and Atlantic croaker. Weakfish, a crepuscular predator, also responded to ultraviolet wavelengths; this characteristic may be more useful under less turbid conditions. Collectively, these results suggest that sciaenids are well adapted to the dynamic photoclimate of the coastal and estuarine waters they inhabit. However, the recent anthropogenic degradation of water quality in coastal environments, at a pace faster than the evolution of visual systems, has amplified the importance of characterizing visual function in managed aquatic fauna.