Space Telescope and Optical Reverberation Mapping Project. IX. Velocity–Delay Maps for Broad Emission Lines in NGC 5548
Space Telescope and Optical Reverberation Mapping Project. IX. Velocity–Delay Maps for Broad Emission Lines in NGC 5548
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DOI：
10.3847/1538-4357/abce60
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发表时间：
2021-02
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
K. Horne;G. D. Rosa;B. Peterson;A. Barth;J. Ely;M. Fausnaugh;G. Kriss;L. Pei;M. Bentz;E. Cackett;R. Edelson;M. Eracleous;M. Goad;C. Grier;J. Kaastra;C. Kochanek;Y. Krongold;S. Mathur;H. Netzer;D. Proga;N. Tejos;M. Vestergaard;C. Villforth;S. Adams;M. D. Anderson;P. Arévalo;T. Beatty;V. Bennert;A. Bigley;S. Bisogni;G. Borman;T. Boroson;M. Bottorff;W. Brandt;A. Breeveld;M. Brotherton;J. E. Brown;J. Brown;G. Canalizo;M. Carini;K. Clubb;J. Comerford;E. Corsini;D. Crenshaw;S. Croft;K. Croxall;E. Bontà;A. Deason;M. Dehghanian;A. D. Lorenzo-Cáceres;K. Denney;M. Dietrich;C. Done;N. Efimova;P. A. Evans;G. J. Ferland;A. Filippenko;K. Flatland;O. Fox;E. Gardner;E. Gates;N. Gehrels;S. Geier;J. Gelbord;L. Gonzalez;V. Gorjian;J. Greene;D. Grupe;A. Gupta;P. Hall;C. Henderson;S. Hicks;E. Holmbeck;T. Holoien;T. Hutchison;M. Im;J. Jensen;C. A. Johnson;M. D. Joner;J. Jones;S. Kaspi;P. L. Kelly;J. Kennea;M. Kim;S. Kim;S. Kim;A. King;S. Klimanov;K. Korista;M. W. Lau;J. C. Lee;D. Leonard;Miao Li;P. Lira;C. Lochhaas;Zhiyuan Ma;F. Macinnis;M. Malkan;E. Manne-Nicholas;J. Mauerhan;R. McGurk;I. McHardy;C. Montuori;L. Morelli;A. Mosquera;D. Mudd;F. Müller-Sánchez;S. Nazarov;R. P. Norris;J. Nousek;M. L. Nguyen;P. Ochner;D. N. Okhmat;A. Pancoast;I. Papadakis;J. Parks;M. Penny;A. Pizzella;R. Pogge;R. Poleski;J. Pott;S. Rafter;H. Rix;J. Runnoe;D. Saylor;J. Schimoia;K. Schnülle;B. Scott;S. Sergeev;B. Shappee;I. Shivvers;M. Siegel;G. Simonian;A. Siviero;A. Skielboe;G. Somers;M. Spencer;D. Starkey;D. Stevens;H.-I. Sung;J. Tayar;T. Treu;C. S. Turner;P. Uttley;J. V. van Saders;L. Vican;S. Villanueva;Y. Weiss;Jong-hak Woo;H. Yan;S. Young;H. Yuk;W. Zheng;W. Zhu;Y. Zu
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文献类型：
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作者：
K. Horne;G. D. Rosa;B. Peterson;A. Barth;J. Ely;M. Fausnaugh;G. Kriss;L. Pei;M. Bentz;E. Cackett;R. Edelson;M. Eracleous;M. Goad;C. Grier;J. Kaastra;C. Kochanek;Y. Krongold;S. Mathur;H. Netzer;D. Proga;N. Tejos;M. Vestergaard;C. Villforth;S. Adams;M. D. Anderson;P. Arévalo;T. Beatty;V. Bennert;A. Bigley;S. Bisogni;G. Borman;T. Boroson;M. Bottorff;W. Brandt;A. Breeveld;M. Brotherton;J. E. Brown;J. Brown;G. Canalizo;M. Carini;K. Clubb;J. Comerford;E. Corsini;D. Crenshaw;S. Croft;K. Croxall;E. Bontà;A. Deason;M. Dehghanian;A. D. Lorenzo-Cáceres;K. Denney;M. Dietrich;C. Done;N. Efimova;P. A. Evans;G. J. Ferland;A. Filippenko;K. Flatland;O. Fox;E. Gardner;E. Gates;N. Gehrels;S. Geier;J. Gelbord;L. Gonzalez;V. Gorjian;J. Greene;D. Grupe;A. Gupta;P. Hall;C. Henderson;S. Hicks;E. Holmbeck;T. Holoien;T. Hutchison;M. Im;J. Jensen;C. A. Johnson;M. D. Joner;J. Jones;S. Kaspi;P. L. Kelly;J. Kennea;M. Kim;S. Kim;S. Kim;A. King;S. Klimanov;K. Korista;M. W. Lau;J. C. Lee;D. Leonard;Miao Li;P. Lira;C. Lochhaas;Zhiyuan Ma;F. Macinnis;M. Malkan;E. Manne-Nicholas;J. Mauerhan;R. McGurk;I. McHardy;C. Montuori;L. Morelli;A. Mosquera;D. Mudd;F. Müller-Sánchez;S. Nazarov;R. P. Norris;J. Nousek;M. L. Nguyen;P. Ochner;D. N. Okhmat;A. Pancoast;I. Papadakis;J. Parks;M. Penny;A. Pizzella;R. Pogge;R. Poleski;J. Pott;S. Rafter;H. Rix;J. Runnoe;D. Saylor;J. Schimoia;K. Schnülle;B. Scott;S. Sergeev;B. Shappee;I. Shivvers;M. Siegel;G. Simonian;A. Siviero;A. Skielboe;G. Somers;M. Spencer;D. Starkey;D. Stevens;H.-I. Sung;J. Tayar;T. Treu;C. S. Turner;P. Uttley;J. V. van Saders;L. Vican;S. Villanueva;Y. Weiss;Jong-hak Woo;H. Yan;S. Young;H. Yuk;W. Zheng;W. Zhu;Y. Zu
在这篇文章中，我们通过恢复NGC 5548光谱中突出的宽发射线（Lyα，C iv，He ii和Hβ）的速度延迟图来实现活动星系核（AGN）风暴活动的主要目标。这些是迄今为止获得的活动星系核最详细的速度延迟图，提供了关于宽线区域的几何形状、电离结构和运动学的前所未有的信息。包含发射线响应的维里包络表明，反射气体与黑洞是绑定的。分层电离结构是明显的。He ii在5-10 lt-day内的响应具有宽的单峰速度剖面。Lyα、C iv和Hβ响应从2 lt-day以内延伸到20 lt-day以外，在10-20 lt-day延迟范围内，在±2500 km s-1处出现双峰。在Hβ中，速度延迟平面中的不完整椭圆是明显的。我们解释的地图在一个开普勒磁盘定义明确的外缘在R = 20 LT天。远侧响应比近侧响应弱。线中心延迟τ=（R/c）（1−sini）<$5天，则倾角i <$45 °。推测黑洞质量为M BH <$7 × 107 M <$。除了混响，拟合残差证实，发射线通量被压抑在以前的工作中确定的“BLR假期”。此外，一个螺旋形的“Barber-Pole”图案，条纹从红色移动到蓝色穿过Civ和Lyα线轮廓，表明方位角结构以2年的周期旋转，这可能代表内盘结构的岁差或轨道运动，在更远处的发射线区域投射阴影。
In this contribution, we achieve the primary goal of the active galactic nucleus (AGN) STORM campaign by recovering velocity–delay maps for the prominent broad emission lines (Lyα, C iv, He ii, and Hβ) in the spectrum of NGC 5548. These are the most detailed velocity–delay maps ever obtained for an AGN, providing unprecedented information on the geometry, ionization structure, and kinematics of the broad-line region. Virial envelopes enclosing the emission-line responses show that the reverberating gas is bound to the black hole. A stratified ionization structure is evident. The He ii response inside 5–10 lt-day has a broad single-peaked velocity profile. The Lyα, C iv, and Hβ responses extend from inside 2 to outside 20 lt-day, with double peaks at ±2500 km s−1 in the 10–20 lt-day delay range. An incomplete ellipse in the velocity–delay plane is evident in Hβ. We interpret the maps in terms of a Keplerian disk with a well-defined outer rim at R = 20 lt-day. The far-side response is weaker than that from the near side. The line-center delay τ=(R/c)(1−sini)≈5 days gives the inclination i ≈ 45°. The inferred black hole mass is M BH ≈ 7 × 107 M ⊙. In addition to reverberations, the fit residuals confirm that emission-line fluxes are depressed during the “BLR Holiday” identified in previous work. Moreover, a helical “Barber-Pole” pattern, with stripes moving from red to blue across the C iv and Lyα line profiles, suggests azimuthal structure rotating with a 2 yr period that may represent precession or orbital motion of inner-disk structures casting shadows on the emission-line region farther out.