The Role of α-Synuclein Oligomers in Parkinson's Disease.

The Role of α-Synuclein Oligomers in Parkinson's Disease.
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α-突触核蛋白寡聚物在帕金森病中的作用。

DOI:
10.3390/ijms21228645
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发表时间:
2020-11-17
影响因子:
5.6
通讯作者:
Liu RT
Liu RT
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Du XY;Xie XX;Liu RT

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α-突触核蛋白(α-syn)是一种与帕金森病(PD)发病机制相关的蛋白质,帕金森病是第二大最常见的神经退行性疾病,目前尚无有效的治疗方法。然而,α-syn如何驱动PD的病理仍然是难以捉摸的。最近的研究表明,α-syn寡聚体是神经毒性的主要原因,并在PD中发挥关键作用。本文综述了α-syn寡聚体的形成过程以及目前对寡聚体结构的认识。我们还描述了种子和α-syn的寡聚体形式的繁殖效果。综述了α-syn寡聚体发挥神经毒性和促进神经退行性变的机制,包括线粒体功能障碍、内质网应激、蛋白质稳态失调、突触损伤、细胞凋亡和神经炎症。最后,我们研究了目前针对α-syn寡聚体的治疗方案。需要进一步研究不同类型寡聚体的结构和毒性机制,为PD的治疗提供理论依据。
α-synuclein (α-syn) is a protein associated with the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD), the second most common neurodegeneration disease with no effective treatment. However, how α-syn drives the pathology of PD remains elusive. Recent studies suggest that α-syn oligomers are the primary cause of neurotoxicity and play a critical role in PD. In this review, we discuss the process of α-syn oligomers formation and the current understanding of the structures of oligomers. We also describe seed and propagation effects of oligomeric forms of α-syn. Then, we summarize the mechanism by which α-syn oligomers exert neurotoxicity and promote neurodegeneration, including mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, proteostasis dysregulation, synaptic impairment, cell apoptosis and neuroinflammation. Finally, we investigate treatment regimens targeting α-syn oligomers at present. Further research is needed to understand the structure and toxicity mechanism of different types of oligomers, so as to provide theoretical basis for the treatment of PD.
α-突触核蛋白与TOM20结合,并抑制在帕金森氏病中进口的线粒体蛋白。
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