Evening light exposure to computer screens disrupts human sleep, biological rhythms, and attention abilities
Evening light exposure to computer screens disrupts human sleep, biological rhythms, and attention abilities
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DOI：
10.1080/07420528.2017.1324878
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Dagan, Y.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Green, A.;Cohen-Zion, M.;Dagan, Y.
在过去十年中，具有发光屏幕的电子设备的使用呈指数级增长。因此，人类几乎持续暴露在无意的人造光下。我们探讨了屏幕照明，光波长和强度两个方面的独立和综合影响，对睡眠，其生物调节和相关的功能结果。2 x 2重复测量设计包括两个自变量：屏幕光强度（低（[LI] vs高[HI]）和波长（短[SWL] vs长[LWL]）。19名受试者（11名女性，8名男性;平均年龄24.3 [+/-2.8]岁）接受了四种光照条件，LI/SWL、HI/SWL、LI/LWL和HI/LWL，按平衡顺序。每次光照持续两个小时（21：00 - 23：00），之后参与者接受了整夜多导睡眠图。在每个实验之夜，在多个时间点收集口腔温度和尿液样品（用于褪黑激素分析）。每天早上，参与者填写问卷，并进行计算机化的注意力任务。无论光线强度如何，SWL照明都显着破坏了睡眠的连续性和结构，并导致更大的自我报告的白天嗜睡。SWL光也改变了生物节律，阻止了正常的夜间体温下降，抑制了夜间褪黑激素的分泌。光照强度似乎也会独立影响睡眠，但影响程度较小。光的强度和波长都对早晨的注意力有负面影响。总而言之，光的波长似乎比光的强度对睡眠和广泛的生物和行为功能有更大的影响。考虑到当今电子设备的广泛使用，我们的研究结果表明，晚上暴露在屏幕上的光线可能会对人体健康和表现产生不利影响。
The use of electronic devices with light-emitting screens has increased exponentially in the last decade. As a result, humans are almost continuously exposed to unintentional artificial light. We explored the independent and combined effects of two aspects of screen illumination, light wavelength, and intensity, on sleep, its biological regulation, and related functional outcomes. The 2 x 2 repeated-measure design included two independent variables: screen light intensity (low ([LI] versus high [HI]) and wavelength (short [SWL] versus long [LWL]). Nineteen participants (11F, 8M; mean age 24.3 [+/- 2.8] years) underwent four light conditions, LI/SWL, HI/SWL, LI/LWL, and HI/LWL, in counterbalanced order. Each light exposure lasted for two hours (21:00-23:00), following which participants underwent an overnight polysomnography. On each experimental night, oral temperature and urine samples (for melatonin analysis) were collected at multiple time points. Each morning, participants filled out questionnaires and conducted a computerized attention task. Irrespective of light intensity, SWL illumination significantly disrupted sleep continuity and architecture and led to greater self-reported daytime sleepiness. SWL light also altered biological rhythms, subduing the normal nocturnal decline in body temperature and dampening nocturnal melatonin secretion. Light intensity seemed to independently affect sleep as well, but to a lesser degree. Both light intensity and wavelength negatively affected morning attention. In sum, light wavelength seems to have a greater influence than light intensity on sleep and a wide-range of biological and behavioral functions. Given the widespread use of electronic devices today, our findings suggest that screen light exposure at evening may have detrimental effects on human health and performance.