Stadt der kurzen Wege und der weiten Reisen

Stadt der kurzen Wege und der weiten Reisen
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短途和长途旅行的城市

DOI:
10.1007/s13147-012-0205-8
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发表时间:
2013
期刊:
Raumforschung und Raumordnung
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Kathrin
Kathrin
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Holz-Rau;Christian;Kathrin

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有大量关于旅行行为空间差异的研究,更具体地说,是关于旅行距离的研究。这项研究表明,小城市的人口旅行的距离比大城市的人口长。然而,相关研究主要集中在日常出行上。长途旅行被作为一个次要的方面包括在内,如果有的话。由于对日常旅行的关注,他们经常被故意排除在分析之外。另一方面,由于行程的长短,长途旅行在总里程中所占的比例很大。在本文中,我们研究了日常旅行和长途旅行中的旅行距离,比较了市政规模类别。我们还研究了个人层面上的年度旅行距离之和。我们使用描述性统计以及Heckman模型和OLS回归,控制各种社会人口统计数据。我们发现,长途旅行和日常旅行的旅行距离受到社会人口统计学的影响大致相同,而空间效应则影响不同方向的日常旅行和长途旅行的旅行距离。虽然日常旅行距离与市政规模呈负相关,但长途旅行的情况则相反。因此,大城市的出行减少效应在很大程度上被长途旅行所补偿。
There is a bulk of research on spatial differences in travel behaviour, more specifically travel distances. This research suggests that the distances travelled by the population of small municipalities are longer than that by the population of larger cities. However, related studies focus mainly on daily travel. Long-distance trips are included as a minor aspect ‘on top’, if at all. Often they are deliberately excluded from analysis due to the focus on daily travel. On the other hand, long-distance travel accounts for a large fraction in total mileage due to the length of trips. In this paper we study travel distances in daily trips and long-distance trips, comparing municipality size categories. We also study the sum of annual travel distances on the individual level. We use descriptive statistics as well as Heckman models and OLS regressions, controlling for various sociodemographics. We find distances travelled for long-distance trips and daily trips to be affected by sociodemographics in much the same way, while spatial effects affect distances travelled for daily and long-distance trips in different directions. While daily travel distances are negatively associated with municipality size, it is the other way round for long-distance trips. As an outcome, the travel reduction effect of large cities is largely compensated for by long-distance trips.
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