Physical activity after cancer: Physiologic outcomes
Physical activity after cancer: Physiologic outcomes
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DOI：
10.1081/cnv-120027581
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发表时间：
2004-01-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
McTiernan, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McTiernan, A
体育活动对人体有许多不同的影响。身体活动和锻炼对癌症患者的生理影响在很大程度上尚未研究。癌症患者作为一个群体，有患上与缺乏体力活动有关的疾病和病症的风险。在癌症患者中，运动已被证明可以改善健康和身体功能，减少疲劳，并适度降低体重和体脂。然而，体力活动对预后的影响尚不清楚。在没有癌症的人中，运动对心血管和内分泌系统有有益的影响，降低心血管疾病、脑血管疾病和糖尿病的风险。增加身体活动可以降低几种常见癌症的风险，这与癌症幸存者相关，他们患新原发性癌症的风险增加。身体活动的其他好处包括改善健康，肌肉骨骼问题，包括关节炎症状，免疫系统功能，认知和睡眠。癌症患者和幸存者体力活动增加的风险尚未确定，但预计可能包括肌肉骨骼损伤，以及猝死风险的小幅增加。剧烈运动和某些运动的严重事故。体育活动对癌症生存的影响尚不清楚，但体育活动可能通过对癌症生物标志物和能量平衡的有益影响以及降低心血管疾病的风险来改善预后，心血管疾病是许多癌症幸存者死亡的重要原因。癌症患者和幸存者的长期益处和身体活动的风险尚不清楚。然而，增加体力活动对大多数癌症幸存者可能是有益和安全的。
Physical activity has many and varied effects on the human body. The physiologic effects of physical activity and exercise in persons with cancer have been largely unstudied. Cancer patients as a group are at risk for diseases and conditions related to lack of physical activity. In persons with cancer, exercise has been shown to improve fitness and physical functioning, reduce fatigue, and modestly decrease weight and body fat. The effects of physical activity on prognosis, however, are unknown. In persons without cancer, exercise has beneficial effects on the cardiovascular and endocrine systems, reducing risk of cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, and diabetes. Increased physical activity reduces risk for several common cancers, which is relevant to cancer survivors who are at increased risk for new primary cancers. Additional benefits of physical activity include improvements in fitness, muscular-skeletal problems including arthritis symptoms, immune system function, cognition and sleep. Risks of increased physical activity in cancer patients and survivors have not been defined, but could be expected to include musculo-skeletal injuries, and a small increased risk in sudden death with. vigorous exercise and serious accidents with some sports. The effect of physical activity on survival from cancer is unknown, but physical activity might improve prognosis through beneficial effect on cancer biomarkers and energy balance, as well as decreasing risk for cardiovascular disease, an important cause of death for many cancer survivors. The long-term benefits and risks of physical activity in cancer patients and survivors are unknown. Nevertheless, increasing physical activity is probably beneficial and safe in the majority of cancer survivors.