Quality Matters: A Meta-Analysis on Components of Healthy Family Meals
Quality Matters: A Meta-Analysis on Components of Healthy Family Meals
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DOI：
10.1037/hea0000801
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发表时间：
2019-12-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Mata, Jutta
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dallacker, Mattea;Hertwig, Ralph;Mata, Jutta
目的：家庭聚餐的频率越高，儿童的饮食质量越好，体重指数（BMI）越低。然而，影响量很小，目前还不清楚家庭聚餐的哪些定性成分对这些积极的健康结果有贡献。这项荟萃分析综合了关于家庭膳食的社会、环境和行为属性的研究，并确定了家庭膳食中与儿童更好的营养健康有关的成分。方法：系统文献检索（50项研究，49137名参与者，61份效应量报告）确定了健康家庭用餐时间的6个不同组成部分。单独的荟萃分析考察了每种成分与儿童营养健康之间的关系。年龄（儿童vs青少年）、结果类型（BMI vs饮食质量）和社会经济地位（SES；控制与不控制SES）作为潜在的调节因素进行了研究。结果：用餐时关掉电视（r = .09）、父母健康饮食的榜样（r = .12）、较高的食物质量（r = .12）、积极的氛围（r = .13）、儿童参与做饭（r = .08）和较长的用餐时间（r = .20）这5个因素与儿童营养健康始终呈正相关。没有发现调节作用。结论：家庭聚餐方式与儿童营养健康有显著关联。需要随机对照试验来进一步验证这些发现。还讨论了已确定的用餐时间成分在社交饮食的其他背景下的普遍性。
Objective: A greater frequency of family meals is associated with better diet quality and lower body mass index (BMI) in children. However, the effect sizes are small, and it remains unclear which qualitative components of family meals contribute to these positive health outcomes. This meta-analysis synthesizes studies on social, environmental, and behavioral attributes of family meals and identifies components of family meals that are related to better nutritional health in children. Method: A systematic literature search (50 studies; 49,137 participants; 61 reported effect sizes) identified 6 different components of healthy family mealtimes. Separate meta-analyses examined the association between each component and children's nutritional health. Age (children vs. adolescents), outcome type (BMI vs. diet quality), and socioeconomic status (SES; controlled vs. not controlled for SES) were examined as potential moderators. Results: Positive associations consistently emerged between 5 components and children's nutritional health: turning the TV off during meals (r = .09), parental modeling of healthy eating (r = .12), higher food quality (r = .12), positive atmosphere (r = .13), children's involvement in meal preparation (r = .08), and longer meal duration (r = .20). No moderating effects were found. Conclusions: How a family eats together shows significant associations with nutritional health in children. Randomized control trials are needed to further verify these findings. The generalizability of the identified mealtime components to other contexts of social eating is also discussed.