Granule exocytosis mediates immune surveillance of senescent cells.

Granule exocytosis mediates immune surveillance of senescent cells.
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DOI:
10.1038/onc.2012.206
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发表时间:
2013-04-11
期刊:
影响因子:
8
通讯作者:
Krizhanovsky, V.
Krizhanovsky, V.
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sagiv, A.;Biran, A.;Yon, M.;Simon, J.;Lowe, S. W.;Krizhanovsky, V.

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衰老是一种稳定的细胞周期停滞程序,有助于抑制肿瘤、器官衰老和某些伤口愈合反应。例如,在肝纤维化期间,肝星状细胞最初增殖并分泌产生纤维化的细胞外基质成分;然而,这些细胞最终衰老并被包括自然杀伤(NK)细胞在内的免疫细胞清除。在这里,我们研究NK细胞如何靶向衰老细胞,并评估这一过程对肝纤维化的影响。我们发现,NK细胞介导的对衰老细胞的杀伤需要颗粒胞吐作用,而不是死亡受体介导的凋亡。这种途径偏向是由于诱饵死亡受体Dcr2的上调,Dcr2是一种公认的衰老标记物,可以减弱NK介导的细胞死亡。相应地,颗粒吐出缺陷的小鼠积累衰老的星状细胞,并表现出更多的肝纤维化,作为对纤维化诱因的反应。因此,我们的结果为衰老细胞的免疫监测提供了新的见解,并揭示了颗粒胞吐如何对肝纤维化具有保护作用。
Senescence is a stable cell cycle arrest program that contributes to tumor suppression, organismal aging and certain wound healing responses. During liver fibrosis, for example, hepatic stellate cells initially proliferate and secrete extracellular matrix components that produce fibrosis; however, these cells eventually senesce and are cleared by immune cells, including natural killer (NK) cells. Here, we examine how NK cells target senescent cells and assess the impact of this process on liver fibrosis. We show that granule exocytosis, but not death-receptor-mediated apoptosis, is required for NK-cell-mediated killing of senescent cells. This pathway bias is due to upregulation of the decoy death receptor, Dcr2, an established senescence marker that attenuates NK-mediated cell death. Accordingly, mice with defects in granule exocytosis accumulate senescent stellate cells and display more liver fibrosis in response to a fibrogenic agent. Our results thus provide new insights into the immune surveillance of senescent cells and reveal how granule exocytosis has a protective role against liver fibrosis.
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