Diverse anthropogenic disturbances shift Amazon forests along a structural spectrum
Diverse anthropogenic disturbances shift Amazon forests along a structural spectrum
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各种人为干扰使亚马逊森林发生结构变化
DOI：
10.1002/fee.2590
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
10.3
通讯作者：
de Assis, Rafael Leandro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Smith, Marielle N;Stark, Scott C;Taylor, Tyeen C;Schietti, Juliana;de Almeida, Danilo Roberti;Aragón, Susan;Torralvo, Kelly;Lima, Albertina P;de Oliveira, Gabriel;de Assis, Rafael Leandro
亚马逊森林正在因无数人为干扰而退化，改变了生态系统和气候功能。我们利用从亚马逊森林受干扰和成熟样地收集的大型冠层激光雷达数据，分析了一系列土地利用和气候变化干扰对细尺度冠层结构的影响。在大多数受干扰的地点，调查是在受干扰10-30年后进行的，许多地点显示出恢复的迹象。不同扰动类型的结构影响在强度上的差异大于性质上的差异，产生了影响的梯度。结构变化以一种一致的方式在不同的干扰类型中高度协调，表明再生途径的共性。在受影响最严重的地点burnedigapó（季节性洪水森林），没有观察到冠层再生的迹象，这表明小气候的持续变化，因此更容易过渡到更开放的冠层，类似热带稀树草原的状态。值得注意的是，干扰很少使森林超出成熟样地结构变化的自然背景，突出了人为干扰和自然干扰制度之间的相似性，并表明亚马逊森林具有一定程度的恢复力。在一个综合分析框架内研究各种干扰类型，有助于提高预测退化驱动的森林转型风险的能力。
Amazon forests are being degraded by myriad anthropogenic disturbances, altering ecosystem and climate function. We analyzed the effects of a range of land‐use and climate‐change disturbances on fine‐scale canopy structure using a large database of profiling canopy lidar collected from disturbed and mature Amazon forest plots. At most of the disturbed sites, surveys were conducted 10–30 years after disturbance, with many exhibiting signs of recovery. Structural impacts differed in magnitude more than in character among disturbance types, producing a gradient of impacts. Structural changes were highly coordinated in a manner consistent across disturbance types, indicating commonalities in regeneration pathways. At the most severely affected site – burnedigapó(seasonally flooded forest) – no signs of canopy regeneration were observed, indicating a sustained alteration of microclimates and consequently greater vulnerability to transitioning to a more open‐canopy, savanna‐like state. Notably, disturbances rarely shifted forests beyond the natural background of structural variation within mature plots, highlighting the similarities between anthropogenic and natural disturbance regimes, and indicating a degree of resilience among Amazon forests. Studying diverse disturbance types within an integrated analytical framework builds capacity to predict the risk of degradation‐driven forest transitions.
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences
影响因子：
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作者：
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
5
作者：
D. R. Almeida;S. Stark;J. Schietti;J. Camargo;N. Amazonas;E. Gorgens;D. M. Rosa;Marielle N. Smith;Ruben Valbuena;Ruben Valbuena;S. Saleska;A. Andrade;Rita Mesquita;S. Laurance;W. Laurance;T. Lovejoy;E. Broadbent;Y. Shimabukuro;Geoffrey G. Parker;M. Lefsky;C. A. Silva;P. Brancalion
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
影响因子：
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作者：
I. Oliveras;Y. Malhi
通讯作者：
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