From Transit to Mobility: Characteristics and Concepts
From Transit to Mobility: Characteristics and Concepts
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DOI：
10.1057/9781137509758.0005
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Candiz, Guillermo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Basok, Tanya;Belanger, Daniele;Candiz, Guillermo
本章认为，“过境移民”这一概念经常被用来描述中美洲移民通过墨西哥的流动，但它掩盖了这种所谓的短暂流动的不稳定性、循环性和不可预测性。本章提出了一个模型，通过移民所经历的不稳定来解释他们的流动性和不流动性。它表明，移民的不稳定是在公民生命政治和相应的移民控制技术的背景下形成的，这两者都引发了所谓的移民产业内的活动，这些活动由以下行为者组成：（1）促进流动； (2) 捕食移民；和/或 (3) 提供人道主义援助。此外，移民发展了某些“自我技巧”来抵消不稳定带来的固定影响。根据本章提出的概念模型，流动性和固定性是由不稳定的经历、人道主义支持和自我技巧的结合形成的。
This chapter argues that the concept of 'transit migration', frequently employed to characterize the flow of Central American migrants through Mexico, obscures the instability, circularity, and unpredictability of this so-called transitory movement. The chapter advances a model that explains migrants' mobility and immobility by the precarity they experience. It suggests that migrants' precarity is shaped in the context of the biopolitics of citizenship and the corresponding migration control techniques, both of which give rise to activities within the so-called migration industry composed of actors who: (1) facilitate the movement; (2) prey on migrants; and/or (3) provide humanitarian aid. In addition, migrants develop certain 'techniques of the self' to counteract the immobilizing effects of precarity. According to the conceptual model advanced in this chapter, mobility and immobility are shaped by a combination of experiences of precarity, humanitarian support, and techniques of the self.