Forest road design with soil sediment evaluation using a high-resolution DEM
Forest road design with soil sediment evaluation using a high-resolution DEM
复制标题
使用高分辨率 DEM 进行土壤沉积物评估的森林道路设计
DOI：
10.1007/s10310-005-0174-7
复制
发表时间：
2005
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
E. Miyata
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Aruga;J. Sessions;E. Miyata
在这项研究中，我们将一个优化森林道路路线的程序与一种预测地表侵蚀和相关沉积物流向溪流的方法结合起来。将森林道路设计程序与高分辨率数字高程模型相结合，可以根据标准方法估计土壤沉积物，因为可以生成相对准确的道路棱镜。根据华盛顿州森林实践委员会手册，组合方案适当地放置和空间排水结构。我们将该程序应用于华盛顿州国会大厦森林的一部分，并优化了水平和垂直对齐，同时估计了土壤沉积物从道路到溪流的移动。我们讨论了路面材料、近溪流涵洞到溪流的距离和外坡森林道路模板对道路总成本和向溪流输送的土壤沉积物的影响。采用劣质岩石堆焊降低了总成本，但劣质岩石堆焊产生的土壤泥沙量是优质岩石牵引面的1.5倍。因此，不应在溪流附近使用质量较低的岩石堆焊。为了减少土壤沉积物对河流的影响和总成本，在上游15米的路段采用牵引表面，在其他路段采用劣质岩石表面，检查了上游15米的近流涵洞和向外倾斜的道路模板的放置。因此，在上游15米的地方设置近溪流涵洞，并使用向外倾斜的道路模板，大大减少了道路总成本和土壤沉积物。最后，我们优化了水平和垂直排列，同时将土壤沉积物限制在指定的最大水平。该模型成功地优化了森林道路线形，降低了道路总成本和土壤沉积物。
In this study, we combined a program to optimize forest road alignments with a method for prediction of surface erosion and related sediment delivered to streams. Combining the forest road design program with the high-resolution digital elevation model made it possible to estimate soil sediment based on a standard methodology, because a relatively accurate road prism could be generated. The combined program properly places and spaces drainage structures based on the Washington StateForest practice board manual. We applied the program to a part of Capitol State Forest in Washington State and optimized horizontal and vertical alignments while estimating movement of soil sediment from roads to streams. We discussed the effects of road surface materials, near-stream culvert distance to stream, and out-sloped forest road template on total road costs and soil sediment delivered to streams. Using lower quality rock surfacing reduced total costs, but the amount of soil sediment from lower quality rock surfacing was 1.5 times more than that on a higher quality rock traction surface. Therefore, lower quality rock surfacing should not be used near the stream. The placement of near-stream culverts 15m upstream and out-sloped road template were examined using a traction surface on 15-m sections upstream and lower quality rock surfacing on other sections in order to reduce soil sediments to the stream and total costs. As a result, placing near-stream culverts 15m upstream and using an out-sloped road template significantly reduced total road cost and soil sediment. Finally, we optimized horizontal and vertical alignments while limiting soil sediment to a specified maximum level. The model successfully optimized forest road alignments, which reduced total road cost as well as soil sediment.