Low-level arsenic excretion in breast milk of native Andean women exposed to high levels of arsenic in the drinking water
Low-level arsenic excretion in breast milk of native Andean women exposed to high levels of arsenic in the drinking water
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s004200050248
复制
发表时间：
1998-02-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Vahter, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Concha, G;Vogler, G;Vahter, M
目的：调查生活在阿根廷西北部一个饮水砷浓度较高（约200 μ g/l）的安第斯土著哺乳期妇女的母乳中砷的排泄情况，并评估儿童在生命最初阶段对砷的暴露情况。方法：研究对象为10名哺乳期妇女和2名哺乳婴儿。采用氢化物发生原子吸收光谱法（HG-AAS）测定了人乳、饮用水、血液和尿液中砷的浓度。结果：产妇血砷（总砷）和尿砷（无机砷代谢物）检测浓度较高，平均分别为10 μ g/l和320 μ g/l。在未已知接触过砷的受试者中，在乳汁和尿液中发现的平均浓度分别为1-2 μ g/l和约10 μ g/l。无机砷的代谢产物占尿液中总砷的80%以上，表明无机砷是摄入砷的主要形式。人乳中砷的平均检测浓度为2.3 μ g/kg鲜重（范围为0.83-7.6 μ g/kg）。虽然关于人类母乳中砷的背景水平的数据很少，但目前的浓度似乎略有升高。然而，考虑到母亲体内砷含量很高，母乳中砷的总浓度很低。与牛奶中砷的低浓度一致，两名哺乳婴儿尿液中砷代谢物的浓度也很低：分别为17和47 μ g/l。结论：两名哺乳婴儿的母乳和尿液中检测到的砷浓度较低，而母亲的砷暴露水平较高，这表明母乳中没有大量排出无机砷。这是母乳喂养周期较长的一个非常重要的原因。
Objective: To investigate the excretion of arsenic in breast milk of lactating native Andean women living in a village in northwestern Argentina with high concentrations of arsenic in the drinking water (about 200 mu g/l) and to assess the exposure of children to arsenic during the very first period of life.Methods: The study included ten lactating women and two nursing babies. Hydride-generation atomic absorption spectrometry (HG-AAS) was used to determine the concentration of arsenic in samples of human milk, drinking water, blood, and urine.Results: The concentrations of arsenic detected in maternal blood (total arsenic) and urine (metabolites of inorganic arsenic) were high, averaging 10 and 320 mu g/l, respectively. In subjects without known exposure to arsenic the average concentrations found in brood and urine are 1-2 and about 10 mu g/l, respectively. The metabolites of inorganic arsenic constituted more than 80% of the total arsenic in the urine, which shows that inorganic arsenic was the main form of arsenic ingested. The average concentration of arsenic detected in human milk was 2.3 mu g/kg fresh weight (range 0.83-7.6 mu g/kg). Although data on background levels of arsenic in human breast milk are scarce, the present concentrations seem to be slightly elevated. However, considering the high levels of arsenic exposure in the mothers, the total arsenic concentrations measured in human milk were low. In concordance with the low concentrations of arsenic found in the milk, the concentrations of arsenic metabolites measured in the urine of two of the nursing babies were low: 17 and 47 mu g/l, respectively.Conclusions: The low concentrations of arsenic detected in the breast milk and urine of the two nursing babies in relation to the high level of maternal exposure to arsenic indicate that inorganic arsenic is not excreted in breast milk to any significant extent. This is a very important reason for long breast-feeding periods.