Localizing performance of go/no-go tasks to prefrontal cortical subregions
Localizing performance of go/no-go tasks to prefrontal cortical subregions
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DOI：
10.1097/yco.0b013e3283387a9f
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发表时间：
2010-05-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Chikazoe, Junichi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chikazoe, Junichi
反应抑制是由前额叶皮层执行的一种重要的执行功能。执行go/no-go任务，这是经常用来调查反应抑制，招聘各种认知成分，除了反应抑制。本文综述了go/no-go任务相关的功能定位的最新研究结果。最近的神经心理学和神经影像学研究表明，前辅助运动区和腹外侧前额叶皮层是反应抑制的关键，前额叶皮层的各个亚区对成功的反应抑制有不同的贡献。特别是，在右腹外侧前额叶皮层中已经确定了功能分离，该皮层至少由三个子区域组成：额下回的后部、额下回交界处和额下回/颞叶。概述神经心理学研究提供了强有力的证据，即前额叶皮层的单独的子区域对涉及反应抑制的特定认知成分做出关键贡献，而神经影像学研究不能提供关于因果关系的直接证据，但提供了具有高空间分辨率的功能定位的见解。这些方法大大有助于我们理解执行功能是如何实现的，并应继续这样做到未来。
Purpose of reviewResponse inhibition is an essential executive function implemented by the prefrontal cortex. Performance of go/no-go tasks, which are frequently used to investigate response inhibition, recruits a variety of cognitive components besides response inhibition. This article reviews recent findings on the functional localization associated with go/no-go tasks.Recent findingsRecent neuropsychological and neuroimaging studies have shown that the presupplementary motor area and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex are crucial for response inhibition and that various subregions of the prefrontal cortex make different contributions leading to successful response inhibition. In particular, functional dissociation has been identified in the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, which consists of at least three subregions: the posterior part of the inferior frontal gyrus, inferior frontal junction and inferior frontal gyrus/insula.SummaryNeuropsychological studies provide strong evidence that separate subregions of the prefrontal cortex make critical contributions to specific cognitive components involved in response inhibition, whereas neuroimaging studies cannot provide direct evidence regarding the causality, but provide insights into functional localization with high spatial resolution. These methods contribute significantly to our understanding of how executive functions are implemented and should continue to do so into the future.