Pathogenomic analyses of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici supports a close genetic relationship between South and East Africa
Pathogenomic analyses of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici supports a close genetic relationship between South and East Africa
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条锈菌 f 的致病基因组分析。
DOI：
10.1111/ppa.13468
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Van Schalkwyk H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Van Schalkwyk H
小麦条锈病，由真菌病原菌条锈菌引起。 sp.tritici(Pst) 存在于全球所有主要小麦种植区，对生产构成持续威胁。在南非，Pst 于 1996 年在西开普省首次出现，此后引起了频繁的流行病，迄今为止记录了另外三种不同的种族（致病型）。在此，我们对代表 1996 年至 2005 年间记录的南非四个主要 Pst 种族的四种 Pst 分离株进行了详细的基于基因组的分析。该分析鉴定了许多具有已知效应蛋白特征的多态性基因，并为这些南非 Pst 分离株的毒力谱可能逐步变化提供了额外的支持。接下来，我们对 1996 年至 2017 年间在南非小麦种植区收集的另外 54 个 Pst 分离株以及来自东非、巴基斯坦、英国和法国的 58 个 Pst 分离株进行了基于基因组的比较分析。这揭示了南非的 Pst 分离株与东非的一些分离株之间存在密切的遗传关系。此外，我们发现南非 Pst 分离株也与 2013 年在英国发现的分离株密切相关，这些分离株专门在小黑麦上发现，说明 Pst 分离株在这些地区之间或从共同的独立来源区域进行长距离传播。这凸显了密切监测 Pst 的迫切需要。由于小麦是南非种植面积最大的冬季谷物作物，因此对持续监测的投资对于快速识别未来可能迅速导致锈病流行的任何引入至关重要。
Wheat stripe rust, caused by the fungal pathogenPuccinia striiformisf. sp.tritici(Pst), occurs in all major wheat‐growing regions worldwide and poses a constant threat to production. In South Africa, Pst first emerged in 1996 in the Western Cape and has since caused frequent epidemics with three further distinct races (pathotypes) recorded to date. Herein, we undertook detailed genomic‐based analyses of four Pst isolates that represent the four dominant Pst races in South Africa recorded between 1996 and 2005. This analysis identified a number of polymorphic genes with features of known effector proteins and provided additional support of the likely stepwise changes in virulence profile of these South African Pst isolates. Next, we carried out comparative genomic‐based analyses with 54 additional Pst isolates collected across wheat‐growing regions within South Africa between 1996 and 2017 and 58 Pst isolates from East Africa, Pakistan, the UK, and France. This revealed a close genetic relationship between Pst isolates in South Africa and a number from East Africa. Furthermore, we found the South African Pst isolates also grouped closely with isolates identified in the UK in 2013 that were specifically found on triticale, illustrating long‐distance transmission of Pst isolates either between these regions or from a common independent source area. This highlights the critical need for close monitoring of Pst. With wheat being the most planted winter cereal crop in South Africa, investment in continuous surveillance is essential to rapidly identify any future introductions that could quickly lead to rust epidemics.