Characterizing Thunderstorm Gust Fronts near Complex Terrain
Characterizing Thunderstorm Gust Fronts near Complex Terrain
复制标题
复杂地形附近雷暴阵风锋的特征
DOI：
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
J. Lundquist
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Luchetti;K. Friedrich;Christopher E. Rodell;J. Lundquist
消防安全、航空、风能和结构工程作业都受到雷暴流出边界或阵风锋（GFs）的影响，特别是当它们发生在山区时。例如，在2013年亚利桑那州亚内尔山火灾期间，19名消防员因经过的GF引发的火灾行为突然变化而丧生。对复杂地形中GF行为的了解也决定了附近机场的起飞和降落操作，并且GF会对风力涡轮机产生异常的结构载荷。虽然大多数对GF特征的研究都集中在大平原等地区组织良好的对流上，但在这里，研究范围扩大到探索科罗拉多落基山脉复杂地形附近演变的GF特征。利用气象塔的现场观测，以及风廓线激光雷达和微波辐射计的数据，评估了24个GF事件，以量化这些GF经过仪器时最低300米AGL的风、温度、湿度和湍流的变化。在科罗拉多前山脉，所有变量的变化幅度平均比在平坦地区观察到的有组织的强风暴要弱。在GF通过过程中，风速从1增加到8 m s - 1，相对湿度从1%增加到8%，垂直运动从0.3增加到3.6 m s - 1，而温度下降0.2°-3°C，湍流动能峰值为bbb40 m2 s - 2。垂直剖面显示，在最低300米处，这些变化随高度变化不大。
Fire safety, aviation, wind energy, and structural-engineering operations are impacted by thunderstorm outflow boundaries or gust fronts (GFs) particularly when they occur in mountainous terrain. For example, during the 2013 Arizona Yarnell Hill Fire, 19 firefighters were killed as a result of sudden changes in fire behavior triggered by a passing GF. Knowledge of GF behavior in complex terrain also determines departure and landing operations at nearby airports, and GFs can induce exceptional structural loads on wind turbines. While most examinations of GF characteristics focus on well-organized convection in areas such as the Great Plains, here the investigation is broadened to explore GF characteristics that evolve near the complex terrain of the Colorado Rocky Mountains. Using in situ observations from meteorological towers, as well as data from wind-profiling lidars and a microwave radiometer, 24 GF events are assessed to quantify changes in wind, temperature, humidity, and turbulence in the lowest 300 m AGL as these GFs passed over the instruments. The changes in magnitude for all variables are on average weaker in the Colorado Front Range than those typically observed from organized, severe storms in flatter regions. Most events from this study experience an increase in wind speed from 1 to 8 m s−1, relative humidity from 1% to 8%, and weak vertical motion from 0.3 to 3.6 m s−1 during GF passage while temperature drops by 0.2°–3°C and turbulent kinetic energy peaks at >4 m2 s−2. Vertical profiles reveal that these changes vary little with height in the lowest 300 m.
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Ashley, Walker S.;Haberlie, Alex M.;Strohm, Jacob
通讯作者：
Strohm, Jacob