Assessing hydration status
Assessing hydration status
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DOI：
10.1097/00075197-200209000-00010
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发表时间：
2002-09-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Kavouras, SA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kavouras, SA
目的了解人体水合作用正常的重要性，以确保在各种情况下的良好健康，本文的目的是检查现有的技术在评估水合状态。最近的发现在过去的20年中，许多指标已经开发出评估水合水平准确的人。这些指标包括体重、血液学和尿液参数、生物电阻抗、皮褶厚度、心率和血压变化。血浆渗透压摩尔浓度、尿渗透压摩尔浓度和尿比重是最广泛使用的水合作用标志物。然而，当实验室分析不可用时或当需要快速估计水合作用时，也以合理的准确度使用尿液颜色。一些数据表明，尿液颜色是作为良好的指标水化血浆或尿液渗透压或尿specificgravity.SummaryThough没有"金标准"的评估水化状态，它出现在体重的变化，沿着尿渗透压，比重，电导率和颜色是最广泛使用的指标。此外，它们提供合理的结果，特别是当分析基于第一次晨尿样本时。
PurposeUnderstanding the importance of euhydration in humans in order to ensure good health in various situations, the purpose of this review is to examine the available techniques in assessing hydration status.Recent findingsDuring the past 20 years, many indices have been developed to assess hydration levels accurately in humans. Changes in body weight, haematological and urine parameters, bioelectrical impedance, skinfold thickness, heart rate and blood pressure changes are among these indices. Plasma osmolality, urine osmolality and urine specific gravity are the most widely used markers of hydration. However, urine colour has also been used with reasonable accuracy when laboratory analysis is not available or when a quick estimate of hydration is necessary. Some data indicate that urine colour is as good indicator of hydration as plasma or urine osmolality or urine specific gravity.SummaryAlthough there is no 'gold standard' for assessment of hydration status, it appears that changes in body weight, along with urine osmolality, specific gravity, conductivity and colour are among the most widely used indices. Furthermore, they provide reasonable results, especially when the analysis is based on the first morning urine sample.