Analysis of dystrophin expression after activation of myogenesis in amniocytes, chorionic-villus cells, and fibroblasts. A new method for diagnosing Duchenne's muscular dystrophy.

Analysis of dystrophin expression after activation of myogenesis in amniocytes, chorionic-villus cells, and fibroblasts. A new method for diagnosing Duchenne's muscular dystrophy.
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羊水细胞、绒毛膜绒毛细胞和成纤维细胞肌生成激活后肌营养不良蛋白表达的分析。

DOI:
10.1056/nejm199309233291303
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发表时间:
1993
期刊:
The New England journal of medicine
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Miranda,AF
Miranda,AF
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sancho,S;Mongini,T;Tanji,K;Tapscott,SJ;Walker,WF;Weintraub,H;Miller,AD;Miranda,AF

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外周血白细胞的dna分析通常用于证明杜氏或贝克尔肌营养不良症患者的肌营养不良蛋白基因突变。在大约35%的患者中,DNA研究没有提供信息;在这些患者中,对肌肉活检标本进行免疫化学分析可以确定肌营养不良蛋白(Duchenne氏营养不良基因的蛋白质产物)是否存在水平降低或缺失。DNA分析可以在羊膜细胞或绒毛膜-绒毛细胞中进行,以确定出生前营养不良基因的突变,但由于营养不良蛋白在这些细胞中不表达,因此无法进行免疫化学测试。方法利用含有MyoD(一种调节肌生成的基因)的逆转录病毒载体,对21例皮肤成纤维细胞、49例羊膜细胞和6例绒毛膜-绒毛细胞进行了肌生成诱导。将MyoD转染到正常情况下不能发育成肌肉细胞的细胞中,会产生一种开启肌肉生成的蛋白质。我们对myod转化的肌肉细胞中的肌营养不良蛋白进行了免疫细胞化学分析。结果我们发现61例无杜氏营养不良家族史的肌管培养中有60例表达肌营养不良蛋白。来自两名贝克尔氏营养不良症患者的肌管培养物也表达肌营养不良蛋白,但来自9名患者和两名杜氏营养不良症胎儿的培养物均缺乏肌营养不良蛋白。结论免疫细胞化学分析基因改变的非肌肉细胞中的肌营养不良蛋白是可行的,可用于常规DNA分析不能提供信息的杜氏肌营养不良症的产前和产后诊断。
BackgroundDNA analysis of peripheral-blood leukocytes is routinely used to demonstrate mutations in the dystrophin gene in patients with Duchenne's or Becker's muscular dystrophy. In approximately 35 percent of patients, DNA studies are not informative; in these patients immunochemical analysis of a muscle-biopsy specimen can determine whether dystrophin, the protein product of the gene for Duchenne's dystrophy, is present at reduced levels or absent. DNA analysis can be performed in amniocytes or chorionic-villus cells to identify mutations of the dystrophic gene prenatally, but immunochemical testing for dystrophin cannot be performed because the protein is not expressed in these cells.MethodsTo circumvent this limitation in prenatal diagnosis, we induced myogenesis in 21 cultures of skin fibroblasts, 49 amniocyte cultures, and 6 chorionic-villus cell cultures by infecting the cells with a retrovirus vector containing MyoD, a gene regulating myogenesis. Transfection of MyoD into cells that do not normally develop into muscle cells results in the production of a protein that switches on myogenesis. We performed immunocytochemical analysis for dystrophin in the MyoD-converted muscle cells.ResultsWe found that 60 of 61 myotube cultures from subjects with no family history of Duchenne's dystrophy expressed dystrophin. Both myotube cultures from the two patients with Becker's dystrophy also expressed dystrophin, but all cultures from nine patients and two fetuses with Duchenne's dystrophy were dystrophin-deficient.ConclusionsImmunocytochemical analysis of dystrophin in genetically altered non-muscle cells is feasible and may be applicable to the prenatal and postnatal diagnosis of Duchenne's muscular dystrophy when conventional DNA analysis is not informative.
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DOI: --
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