Evolution of bone cortical compactness in slow arboreal mammals
Evolution of bone cortical compactness in slow arboreal mammals
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DOI：
10.1111/evo.14137
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发表时间：
2020-12-25
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Amson, Eli
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alfieri, Fabio;Nyakatura, John A.;Amson, Eli
趋同进化是进化生物学的一个重要课题。现存树懒属的低骨皮质致密性（CC，皮质骨孔隙度的测量）与它们收敛缓慢的树栖生态有关。这种低CC与缓慢的树栖生活方式的关系表明，这种特性在其他缓慢的树栖哺乳动物的潜在趋同进化。股骨和肱骨CC进行了分析“树懒”，lorisids，考拉，和灭绝的palaeopropithecids和Megaladapis，在比较密切相关，但生态上不同的类群，在系统发育框架。“树懒”的低CC是任何分析的分支所无法比拟的，灭绝树懒的高CC表明“树懒”的低CC最近收敛。“在古原猴和巨适应猴中发现了低CC的趋势。然而，lorisids和考拉产生了意想不到的CC模式，防止承认一个简单的收敛低CC在缓慢的树栖哺乳动物。这项研究揭示了CC与缓慢树型结构趋同进化之间的复杂关系，强调了骨骼微观结构的多因素特异性。
Convergent evolution is a major topic in evolutionary biology. Low bone cortical compactness (CC, a measure of porosity of cortical bone) in the extant genera of "tree sloths," has been linked to their convergent slow arboreal ecology. This proposed relationship of low CC with a slow arboreal lifestyle suggests potential convergent evolution of this trait in other slow arboreal mammals. Femoral and humeral CC were analyzed in "tree sloths," lorisids, koala, and extinct palaeopropithecids and Megaladapis, in comparison to closely related but ecologically distinct taxa, in a phylogenetic framework. Low CC in "tree sloths" is unparalleled by any analyzed clade and the high CC in extinct sloths suggests the recent convergence of low CC in "tree sloths." A tendency for low CC was found in Palaeopropithecus and Megaladapis. However, lorisids and the koala yielded unexpected CC patterns, preventing the recognition of a straightforward convergence of low CC in slow arboreal mammals. This study uncovers a complex relationship between CC and convergent evolution of slow arboreality, highlighting the multifactorial specificity of bone microstructure.